山东典型山地引种火炬松和日本落叶松的群落特征比较分析  

Comparative Analysis on the Community Characteristics of Pinus taeda and Larix kaempferi in Typical Mountainous Region of Shandong Province

作　　者：高远[1,2] 张魁元 刘建[4] 赵卫光[4] 

机构地区：[1]临沂大学水土保持与环境保育研究所,资源环境学院山东省水土保持与环境保育重点实验室,山东临沂276005 [2]临沂市科学探索实验室,山东临沂276037 [3]临港经济开发区第一中学,山东临沂276624 [4]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2016年第1期84-89,106,共7页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：临沂市政府决策咨询项目(2015J05和2015X05)

摘　　要：选取山东典型山地(泰山、蒙山和昆嵛山)的11个样方,研究火炬松群落和日本落叶松群落的生长和更新,从种群特征、群落组成和物种多样性3方面评价适应性。结果表明:火炬松群落的乔木、灌木和草本植物种类分别为15种、29种和27种,植株密度分别为(15.38±1.84)株/dam2、(51.50±13.00)株/dam2和(14.38±3.80)株/m2;日本落叶松群落的乔木、灌木和草本植物种类分别为26种、49种和49种,植株密度分别为(10.55±0.97)株/dam2,(37.07±7.99)株/dam2和(25.45±11.35)株/m2。火炬松群落中主要乔木火炬松种群为稳定型、栓皮栎种群为显著增长型、麻栎种群和赤松种群为增长型;日本落叶松群落中主要乔木日本落叶松种群、花楸种群和椴树种群为稳定型,栓皮栎种群为显著增长型。火炬松群落物种丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为灌木层>草本层>乔木层,Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数为草本层>灌木层>乔木层;日本落叶松群落物种丰富度指数为灌木层>草本层>乔木层,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,Pielou均匀度指数为草本层>灌木层>乔木层。火炬松群落演替趋势为火炬松林→针阔混交林→麻栎林或栓皮栎林,日本落叶松群落演替趋势为日本落叶松林→针阔混交林→栓皮栎林或杂木林。Eleven sample plots from major mountain areas, such as Taishan, Mengshan, and Kunyushan,were selected in Shandong Province to evaluate the growth and renewal of the communities of Pinus taedaand Larix kaempferi. The following three aspects were investigated to determine the adaptability of P. taedaand L. kaempferi in Shandong Province：the population characteristics, the community composition, and thespecies diversity. The results showed that the species numbers of trees, shrubs, and herbs were 15 species,29 species, and 27 species in the P. taeda community and 26 species ,49 species, and 49 species in theL. kaempferi community, respectively. The plant densities of trees, shrubs, and herbs for the P. taeda com-munity were （15.38 ± 1.84）/dam2, （51.50 ±13.00）/dam2, （14.38 ± 3.80）/m2, and for theL. kaempferi community were （ 10. 55± 0. 97 ）/dam2, （ 37.07± 7.99 ）/dam2, （ 25.45v 11.35 ）/m2. Inthe P. taeda community, the population of the P. taeda was the stable type, the Quercus variabilis was thesignificant growth type, the Q. acutissima and the P. densiflora were the growth type. In the L. kaempfericommunity, the population of the L. kaempferi, Sorbus pohuashanensis, Tilia tuan were the stable type, andthe Q. variabilis was the significant growth type. The richness indexes and Shannon-Wiener diversity inde-xes of the P. taeda community were shrub 〉 herb 〉 tree, Simpson diversity indexes and Pielou evenness in-dexs were herb 〉 shrub 〉 tree. The richness indexes of the L. kaempferi community was shrub 〉 herb 〉tree,Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes and Simpson diversity indexes were shrub 〉 tree 〉 herb, Pielouevenness indexs was herb 〉 shrub 〉 tree. The succession tendency of the P. taeda community was P. taedaforest theropencedrymion ,Q. variabilis forest or Q. acutissima forest,and the L. kaempferi community wasL. kaempferi forest 〉theropencedrymion 〉Q. variabilis forest or mixed forest.

关 键 词：植物生态学 火炬松 日本落叶松 泰山 蒙山 昆嵛山 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]