梯形输水明渠溢油运移特性数值模拟与试验研究  

Numerical simulation and experimental investigation for oil spill transport characteristics of trapezoidal open channel in water transfer

作　　者：刘晓轻[1] 练继建[1] 马超[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2016年第1期25-29,36,共6页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重大科技专项基金资助项目(2012ZX07205005);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划自然科学基金重点项目(13JCZDJC36200);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助(B14012)~~

摘　　要：面向长距离输水工程快速应对油类突发水污染事件的需求,以梯形输水明渠为例,采取二维水动力和溢油数值模拟以及物理模型试验相结合的手段,开展溢油运移特性数值模拟与试验研究。研究成果表明:由于梯形输水明渠过流宽度上的流速分布变化较大,油污染发生后,油膜纵向长度取决于渠道中间流速,其变化率可表达为渠道中间流速的0.5倍;溢油位置、风场及渠道边坡系数对油膜纵向长度影响很小。研究结果可快速预测明渠溢油污染范围,为污染物的应急处置与调控提供技术支持。For the need of rapid response to sudden oil pollution accidents in the long distance water transfer project,two-dimensional hydrodynamic and oil spill numerical simulation and experimental model were employed to investigate the transport characteristics for oil spill in the trapezoidal open channel.The results indicated that due to the large variation of velocity distribution at the horizontal cross-section of the trapezoidal open channel,the longitudinal length of oil slick depends on the middle velocity of open channel after sudden oil pollution accidents,and its variation rate is 0.5times of the middle velocity and less affected by the oil-spilled location,wind,and slope coefficient.The results can predict the oil spill scope quickly and provide technical support for the emergency disposal and regulation.

关 键 词：梯形输水明渠 油膜运移 数值模拟 物模试验 快速预测 

分 类 号：TV14[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]