中国儿童福利制度:时代演进、现实框架和改革路径  

Chinese Child Welfare System: Times Evolution,Realistic Frame and Reform Path

作　　者：高丽茹[1] 万国威[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院,江苏南京210023 [2]兰州大学管理学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《河北学刊》2016年第2期182-187,共6页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2010年度教育部重大课题攻关项目<中国适度普惠型社会福利理论和制度构建研究>(10JZD0033);2014年度山东女子学院全国家庭教育试验研究基地招标项目(ZD201403)

摘　　要：近年来,困境儿童如留守儿童、流动儿童、单亲儿童等被侵害现象不断增多,使得有关中国儿童福利制度的讨论再次成为学术界关注的焦点。本文以广义儿童福利概念作为分析视角,系统的梳理了中国儿童福利制度的时代演进、现实框架和改革路径,以期对现有儿童福利制度的建构方向进行理论上的反思。新中国成立后,中国儿童福利制度在经历了探索时期(1949—1965)、停滞时期(1966—1985)、重建时期(1986—2005)和转型时期(2006至今)四个阶段的发展历程后,儿童福利政策、儿童福利机构和儿童福利项目已经初步构建起来,并业已形成了相对完善的法律和资金保障体系。但未来中国仍然需要在服务提升、责任优化和改革衔接等三个方面深化对儿童福利制度更加有效的构建,通过对既有制度框架的补充完善,进一步增强儿童福利制度抵御风险的能力。In recent years,there are more and more vulnerable children such as left-behind children,migrant children and children with single parent etc whose rights are violated. Thus the discussions of child welfare system in China have got great attention in academia as the key issue. This research takes the analytic perspective of the broad child welfare concept,systematically reviews the child welfare system in China in the three aspects followed： times evolution,realistic frame,and reform path. Then the purpose of the study is to theoretically rethink the construction direction of the current child welfare system. And this research suggests that in China child welfare policies,child welfare institutions and child welfare programs have been preliminarily built,after the development process of the exploration period（ 1949-1965）,the stagnation period（ 1966—1985）,the reconstruction period（ 1986-2005） and the transformation period. Moreover the relatively well-developed law system and fund security system also have formed. In addition,this research proposes that China still need to deepen constructing child welfare system more effectively in the three aspects： improving services,optimizing responsibilities and connecting reform. That is to say,it is to strengthen the child welfare system＇s ability of resisting risks by supplementing the existing system frame.

关 键 词：儿童福利制度 概念争议 时代演进 现实框架 改革路径 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]