青藏铁路沿线藏羚迁徙期集群特征分析  

Analysis of Group Characteristics of Tibeten Antelope(Pantholops hodgsoni)in Migration Season along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

作　　者：张洪峰[1] 车利锋[1] 封托[1] 苏丽娜[1] 胡罕[1] 李涤非[1] 吴晓民[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2016年第2期329-333,共5页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家林业局野生动植物保护司项目资助

摘　　要：2006年6月、8月和2007年6月、8月,采用样线法对青藏铁路昆仑山至沱沱河区间藏羚（Pantholops hodgsoni）迁徙期集群行为进行了研究。集群类型有雌性群（46.5%）、雄性群（7.4%）、母子群（39.7%）、混合群（1.5%）和独羚（4.8%）5种类型,共计473群,7 828只。不同集群类型出现频次差异极显著（p〈0.01）。2~20只的集群占72.1%,21~50只集群占17.1%,51~100只集群占4.4%,大于100只集群占1.5%,独羚占4.9%,不同集群大小出现频次差异极显著（p〈0.01）。迁徙季节藏羚平均群体大小为（16.6±1.06）只（平均值±标准误）,雌性群（22.3±3.37）只,雄性群（10.5±1.48）只,母子群（13.1±1.07）只,混合群（11.3±3.51）只,不同集群类型的群体规模差异极显著（p〈0.01）。藏羚的集群大小与集群类型、迁徙季节密切相关,而集群大小的变化是对青藏铁路运营后新环境的一种适应。Using line-intercept method, a survey on the group characteristics of Tibeten antelope （Pantholops hodgsoni） in migration season was conducted in July and August, 2006-2007, along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway between Kunlun Mountains and Tuotuohe River, in Qinghai Province, China. We recorded 473 unique antelope groups comprising 7 828 individuals and defined 5 types of Tibetan antelope groups： female （46.5% of total observations）, male （7.4%）, ewe-lamb （39.7%）, mixed-sex （1.5%）, and individual animals （4.8%）, respectibely. There were significant differences in the existence frequency of different cluster types （Chi-square test, p 〈0.01）. The percentages of groups with 2-20 individuals, 21-50 individuals, 51-100 individuals, more than 100 individuals and single individuals are 72.1%, 17.1%, 4.4%, 1.5% and 4.9%, respectively. There were significant differences in the existence frequency of different cluster sizes （p〈0.01）. Mean group size was 16.6_＋1.06 （M_＋SE） in migration season, while female group was 23.3 ±3.37, male group was 10.5±1.48, ewe-lamb group was 13.1 ±1.07, and mixed-sex groups was 11.3±3.51. There were significant differences in group size of different cluster types （p〈0.01）. Therefore, the group cluster sizes of Tibeten antelope were related closely to the group types and migration season. The change of group size should be an adaptation to the new environment along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

关 键 词：藏羚 迁徙期 集群特征 青藏铁路 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]