湖北木林子保护区大样地的木本植物多样性  

Species Diversity of Woody Plants in Mulinzi Nature Reserve of Hubei Province

作　　者：姚兰[1,2] 崔国发[1] 易咏梅[2] 黄永涛[2] 冯广[2] 刘峻城[2] 艾训儒[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学自然保护区学院,北京100083 [2]湖北民族学院林学园艺学院,恩施445000

出　　处：《林业科学》2016年第1期1-9,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：湖北省林学重点(特色)学科及楚天学者计划项目(2015XKJS_10517);国家自然科学基金(地区项目)"清江流域生态环境保护与动植物资源管理问题的数学研究"(11261017)

摘　　要：[目的]分析亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林大样地(森林动态监测样地)物种多样性特征,阐明亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林物种多样性的时空变化规律,为探索物种多样性维持、群落动态、环境异质性和生态系统功能调控机制等奠定基础。[方法]参照CTFS大样地建设与监测技术规范,于2014年在湖北木林子国家级自然保护区亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林中建立15 hm^2森林动态监测样地,调查并鉴定样地内DBH≥1 cm的所有木本植物,分析其物种多样性特征。[结果]15 hm^2大样地内共有木本植物228种84 189株,分属于112属61科,其中以10 cm为起测径级的木本植物130种11 863株,分属于71属44科;以30 cm为起测径级的木本植物67种1721株,分属于40属29科;以1 cm为起测径级和以10 cm为起测径级的木本植物在0~3 hm^2范围内物种数随取样面积的增大而快速增加,在6 hm^2时包含的物种数均超过了总物种数的80%,以30 cm为起测径级的木本植物在0~0.2 hm^2范围内物种数随取样面积的增大而快速增加,在8 hm^2时包含的物种数超过了总物种数的80%;样地内个体数量超过1 000的物种有18种,占样地所有物种数的7.89%,但个体数量之和占样地总个体数量的70.63%;样地上层乔木以小叶青冈和多脉青冈为主,中、下层的翅柃个体数量最多,重要值最大;样地内稀有种比例极高,有116种,占物种总数的50.88%,但个体数量仅占总个体数量的0.14%;群落物种组成中最主要的科为壳斗科和山茶科;样地中共有萌生木本植物137种18 880株,分属于76属42科,分别占样地总物种、个体数量、属及科数的60.1%,22.4%,62.8%和65.6%,其中,以10 cm为起测径级的萌生木本植物有64种,分属于43属26科,共计1 073株,以30 cm为起测径级的木本植物17种,分属于15属和9科,共计46株。[结论]木林子自然保护区亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林中木本植物种类丰富,主要由壳斗科和山茶科组成,�[Objective]The study was intended to understand characteristics of species diversity in forest dynamics plot（ FDP） which located in subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest community in Mulinzi National Nature Reserve,Hubei Province,and to analyze patterns of temporal and spatial changes of species diversity of subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest,and further to provide a basis for exploring maintenance of species diversity,community dynamics,environmental heterogeneity and regulation of ecosystem functions.[Method]The 15 hm^2（ 300 m × 500 m） forest dynamics plot was established according to the protocol of the CTFS for field plots establishment in 2014 in Mulinzi National Nature Reserve,Hubei Province. All woody plants with diameter at breast height（ DBH） ≥1 cm were mapped and identified,and the species diversity were analyzed.[Result]In the 15 hm^2 FDP there were 84 189 individuals belonging to 228 species,112 genera and 61 families. There were 11 863 individuals belonging to 130 species,71 genera and 44 families when 10 cm was the minimum measured diameter at DBH,and there were 1 721 individuals when 30 cm is minimum measured diameter,belonging to 67 species,40 genera and 29 families. Species richness rapidly increased with the expansion of sampling area in the 0- 3 hm^2 when 1 cm and 10 cm were minimum measured diameters,and over 80% of the total species were presented in 6 hm^2 size. Species richness also quickly increased with sampling area in the range of 0- 0. 2 hm^2 when 30 cm was the minimum measured diameter,and there was also over 80% of the total species were at 8 hm^2. The number of individuals was over 1 000 from 18 species accounting for7. 89% of the total number of species,but the number of individuals of these species accounted for 70. 63% of the total numbers in plot. These parameters would provide a scientific basis in determining the minimum sampling area of subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest community. Cy

关 键 词：木林子森林动态样地 常绿落叶阔叶混交林 物种丰富度 萌生 稀有种 物种-面积曲线 物种-多度曲线 

分 类 号：S718.52[农业科学—林学]