不同种源红椿SRAP标记的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of Toona ciliata from Different Provenances Based on Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism(SRAP) Markers

作　　者：李培[1,2] 阙青敏[2] 欧阳昆唏[2] 李俊成[2] 湛欣[2] 朱芹[3] 张俊杰[2] 邓小梅[2] 陈晓阳[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广州510642 [3]嘉应学院,梅州514015

出　　处：《林业科学》2016年第1期62-70,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201004020)

摘　　要：[目的]由于过度采伐和天然更新能力较差等原因,红椿天然林分和林木的数量日益减少。深入研究红椿不同种源的遗传多样性,揭示其群体结构分布,可为其种质资源保护和选择育种提供理论依据。[方法]利用相关序列多态性分子标记（SRAP）对来自中国的29个种源及1个澳大利亚种源进行遗传多样性分析。各种源地选取母树30株,株距50 m以上。澳大利亚种源取自华南农业大学红椿资源收集圃。利用POPGENE1.32,NTSYSpc2.1,Gen AIEx 6.5和STRUCTRUE 2.3进行遗传参数估计、聚类图构建、主坐标分析、地理隔离模式构建及遗传结构分析。[结果]24对SRAP引物组合共扩增出505条多态性条带,引物的多态信息含量（PIC）均值为0.41;30个红椿种源间的Nei’s基因多样性指数平均为0.377 0;种源内Shannon’s信息指数（I）变动幅度为0.157 5~0.467 5,种源间均值为0.556 9。分子方差分析（AMOVA）得出,在总的遗传变异中,79.26%的遗传分化存在于种源间,种源内分化仅占20.74%,表明红椿的遗传分化主要来源于种源间,红椿良种选育应首先开展种源选择。STRUCTURE分析将30个红椿种源分成2大组群,趋势呈现为华东与华中种源为一组,西南、华南与澳大利亚的种源为另一组;Mantel检测显示,中国红椿种源存在地理隔离模式（IBD）。非加权平均法（UPGMA）聚类分析将红椿30个种源划分为4大类：第Ⅰ类包括14个种源,主要是来自华中和华东地区的种源;广东乐昌种源独立成为一类,形成第Ⅱ类;第Ⅲ类包括13个种源,主要是来自西南和华南的种源;广东云浮种源和澳大利亚多瑞格的种源组成第Ⅳ类。主坐标分析（PCo A）得到的结果与聚类分析结果相似。[结论]红椿分布地区生境片段化,使各群体在空间上相对隔离、基因交换频率低、流动程度小,从而导致地理变异。聚类分析与主坐标分析的结果与地理分布格局基本吻合。在[Objective]Poor natural regeneration and over-exploitation have resulted in the continual decline of natural forests and trees of Toona ciliata. In depth studies of genetic diversity and structure of T. ciliata of different provenances are particularly important for conservation,utilization of genetic resources,and the development of future breeding programs for the species.[Method]Sequence-related amplified polymorphism（ SRAP） markers were used to investigate genetic diversity of 29 provenances from China and one provenance from Australia of T. ciliata to define the level of genetic diversity and the relationships among different provenances. Samples from China were collected from naturalstands. Each provenance was represented by 30 sample trees with a distance of at least 50 m among the sample trees. The Australian provenance was taken from the resources collection nursery of the South China Agricultural University. The POPGENE1. 32 software was used for genetic diversity parameters calculation. The NTSYS-pc2. 1 software was used for cluster analysis based on the matrix of Nei＇s genetic distances and the degree of genetic relatedness among provenances was assessed by principal coordinates analysis（ PCo A） and MANTEL analysis with Gen AIEx 6. 5. STRUCTRUE 2. 3 was used to analysis the genetic structure. [Result]A total of 505 polymorphic bands were amplified by 24 pairs of primers.The average value of polymorphism information content（ PIC） was 0. 41. The average value of Nei＇s gene diversity index（ H） was 0. 377 0. Shannon＇s information index（ I） within provenances ranged from 0. 157 5 to 0. 467 5,the average value was 0. 556 9 among provenances. The AMOVA indicated that 79. 24% of the total variation was among provenances and 20. 76% was within provenances,revealing that provenance selection is important for the breeding of T. ciliata. In STRUCTURE analysis,30 provenances were divided into two groups. Group Ⅰ included the provenances from central and eastern China. The provenances of

关 键 词：红椿 SRAP标记 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学]