宁夏黄土丘陵区不同生态恢复生境中步甲对微生境的选择  

Selection of Microhabitat of Carabid Beetles(Coleoptera:Carabidae) in Different Ecological Restored Habitats in the Hilly and Gully Area of Loess Plateau,Ningxia,China

作　　者：杭佳[1] 石云[1,2] 安婧婧[1] 贺达汉[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学资源与环境学院,银川750021 [3]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021

出　　处：《林业科学》2016年第1期71-79,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161081;31260429);教育部高校学校博士学科点科研专项基金(20126401110003);2012年宁夏大学大学生创新实验招标项目(02zh03-04)

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同生境中步甲科昆虫对微生境的选择,探讨生态恢复对维持步甲物种多样性的影响,以期揭示生态恢复进程,并为生物多样性保护提供理论依据。[方法]2012和2013年6—8月,利用陷阱法比较分析了宁夏黄土丘陵区灌草混交林地、乔灌混交林地、生态薪炭林地、生态经济林地、天然封育草地和水平农田6种生境内的步甲物种多样性,应用二分类Logistic回归模型,构建步甲科昆虫的生境选择模型,研究各生境中影响物种生境选择的关键环境因子。[结果]共捕获步甲3236号,隶属于9属16种,其中,直角通缘步甲、麻步甲和赤胸长步甲为优势种,数量分别占40.64%,24.13%和20.02%;步甲个体数量和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在6种生境中存在显著差异(df=5,P=0.011;df=5,P=0.021),物种丰富度虽在灌草混交生境中高于其他生境,但未达显著差异(df=5,P=0.062);Chao-1丰富度估计曲线显示,灌草混交和生态薪炭林地生境中步甲丰富度达到渐进水平,诱集到几乎所有的步甲物种;天然封育草地和水平农田生境中物种丰富度近似达到渐进水平,诱集到大部分步甲物种;乔灌混交和生态经济林地生境的步甲物种丰富度没达到渐进水平,物种丰富度的估计存在较大变异;3种优势物种在不同生境中的发生概率显著不同;Logistic回归分析表明,草本生物量和土壤含水量是影响直角通缘步甲生境选择的关键环境因子;林冠层盖度、灌木层盖度、草本生物量和土壤含水量是影响麻步甲生境选择的关键环境因子;灌木层盖度、草本盖度、枯落物厚度、草本生物量和土壤含水量是赤胸长步甲生境选择的关键环境因子。[结论]宁南黄土丘陵区步甲对微生境的选择表现出明显的差异性,可作为生态恢复评价的重要指示生物,研究其对生境类型的偏好性进一步加强指导生态恢复和生境保护,对生物多样性保护及生态恢复建设具�[Objective]The aim of this study was to probe into the influences of ecological restoration on the diversity of carabid beetles（ Coleoptera： Carabidae） and selection of microhabitat by these beetles in different habitats,which can beneficial to reveal the process of ecological restoration and provide scientific basis for biodiversity conservation in the hill and gully area of Loess Plateau,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.[Method]An investigation of carabid beetles was carried out using pitfall traps in six habitats,namely,shrub and grass mixed forest land（ SG）,tree and shrub mixed forest land（ TS）,ecological fuel-wood forest land（ EF）,ecological economic forestl and（ EE）,natural enclosed grassland（ EG） and level terraced field（ TF） from June to August in 2012 and 2013. Microhabitat selection of carabid beetles was analyzed by Logistic regression model,and further the key environmental factors with influencing microhabitat selection by carabid beetles were explored.[Result]The results showed that we trapped 3 236 individuals of 16 species,belonging to 9 genera,among which Amara gebleri,Carabus brandti and Dolichus halensis were the most dominant species and accounted for40. 64%,24. 13% and 20. 02% of abundance in the study area,respectively. The number of individuals of carabidbeetles and Shannon-Wiener diversity index all showed significant differences among habitats（ df = 5,P = 0. 011; df = 5,P = 0. 021）,and species richness was relatively higher in shrub and grass mixed forest than other ones,but the difference was not significant among habitats（ df = 5,P = 0. 062）. There was a marked difference in Chao-1 richness estimation curves in each habitat. Species richness estimation approached an asymptote,and indicting that the almost all species were captured in shrub and grass mixed forest and ecological fuel-wood forest,and the most species were captured in natural enclosed grassland and level terraced field. In contrast,species richness at tree and shrub mixed forest and ecolog

关 键 词：黄土丘陵区 生态恢复 步甲 多样性 Chao-1指数 LOGISTIC回归模型 

分 类 号：S718.52[农业科学—林学]