不同灌水量对饲料玉米耗水特性和生物量的影响  

Effects of Different Irrigation Amount on Water Consumption Characteristics and Biomass of Forage Maize

作　　者：曹雪松[1,2] 李和平[1,2] 郑和祥[1,2] 冯亚阳[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第1期16-18,22,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：内蒙古自治区新增"四个千万亩"节水灌溉工程科技支撑项目(20121036);中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项(MK2014J06);水利部科技推广计划项目(TG1202和TG1401)

摘　　要：为了研究不同灌水量对饲料玉米耗水特性和生物量的影响,采用卷盘式喷灌的灌水方式,在内蒙古鄂尔多斯市鄂托克前旗进行田间试验。结果表明:总体来说随着灌水量的增加,饲料玉米的耗水量、耗水强度、株高、产量和水分生产率都有不同程度的增加;其中灌水定额为60mm的处理分枝期的耗水强度最大为4.31mm/d;在灌水量低于45mm时,增加灌水量对于产量和水分生产率的影响十分明显;而灌水量为60mm处理,相对于45mm处理来说产量和水分生产率增加甚微。从经济、节水、增产考虑,建议饲料玉米苗期可适当增加灌水量,其他生育期可取45mm的灌溉制度。In order to study the effects of different irrigation amount on water consumption characteristics and biomass of forage maize,field experiments are conducted in Etuokeqian county,Erdos city of Inner Mongolia,with the irrigation mode of the reel sprinkling irrigation.The results show that with the increase of irrigation amount,the water consumption,water consumption intensity,plant height,yield and water productivity of feed maize all increase in varying degrees;the maximum water consumption intensity at branching stage is 4.31mm/d for the treatment of 60 mm irrigation quota;when the irrigation water amount is less than 45 mm,the effect of increasing irrigation amount on the yield and water productivity is obvious;while for the treatment of 60 mm irrigation water amount,the increase of yield and water productivity is little comparing with the treatment of to 45 mm irrigation water amount.Considering the aspects of economy,water-saving,yield,it is suggested that the irrigation water amount can be appropriately increased in feed corn seedling,and 45 mm in other periods.

关 键 词：饲料玉米 灌水量 耗水特性 生物量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S274