2014年北京市海淀区中小学校医健康素养调查  

Survey of healthy literacy among medical officers in senior and middle school in Haidian District of Beijing in 2014

作　　者：曹文栋[1] 徼晓菲[2] 许丽娜[1] 江初[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100086 [2]中国健康教育中心,北京100011

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2016年第1期49-53,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的 了解北京市海淀区中小学校医健康素养水平,为日后有针对性地开展健康教育工作、制定卫生相关政策提供重要依据。方法 在海淀区中小学在职校医中采取随机抽样的方法抽取调查对象98人,以原卫生部编写的《中国居民健康素养——基本知识与技能（试行）》为框架编制问卷进行问卷调查,采用χ~2检验、χ~2趋势检验分析健康素养具备率。结果 2014年海淀区中小学校医的健康素养具备率为65.22%,调查对象在健康生活方式与行为、健康技能方面显示出较低的健康素养水平（分别为50.00%和55.43%）,在6类健康素养问题中有4类合格率较低,从低到高依次为基本医疗素养、传染病预防、健康信息、慢性病预防（合格率依次为35.87%、44.57%、57.61%、59.78%）。χ~2检验或χ~2趋势检验分析显示不同性别、文化程度、学校所处地理位置、职称的校医健康素养水平差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 海淀区中小学校医的健康素养水平高于2012年北京市常住居民健康素养水平,但对于这一具有专业医学背景的特殊人群而言犹显不足,应加强校医队伍建设,重视校医人群的系统培训、继续教育和健康教育工作,提高教育系统医学专业人员的健康素养水平。Objective To investigate the level of health literacy in senior and middle school medical officers in Haidian District and evaluate their condition of health knowledge and skills, which may provide the basis for the development of health education programs and health policy in the future. Methods A total of 98 respondents were gathered by using completely random sampling method, filling out the questionnaire based on The National Health Literacy Questionnaire. Chisquare test and Chi-square trend test were used to analyze the health literacy. Results Overall, the health literacy rate of senior and middle school officers in Haidian District was 65.22%, who showed lower level of the healthy life style and behavior as well as the healthy skill （50. 00% and 55.43% , respectively） , and the figure marked that the rate of pass in 4 of 6 health literacy titles were not above 60% , the basic health literacy, prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, healthy information and chronic disease prevention and control, from low to high order （35.87%, 44.57%, 57.61%, 59. 78% respectively）. In Chi-square trend test, the health literacy diversity revealed a statistically significant difference in different gender, education levels, location of school and technical title of medical officers （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The health literacy rate of medical officers, which is, however, insufficient for those who had achieved medical education, is higher than that of residents in Beijing, 2012. Consequently, school medical officer team should be enhanced, concentrating on systematically training, continuing learning and health education, and raising the level of their health literacy in educational system eventually.

关 键 词：中小学校 海淀区 校医 健康素养 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]