自由的历险——从“德国观念论”到《资本论》  

The Adventure of Freedom: From German Ideology to On Capital

作　　者：白刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2016年第2期107-113,191-192,共7页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDB002);国家社会科学基金一般项目(14BZX021);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(13YJA720001)

摘　　要：作为马克思思想直接理论来源的德国古典哲学和英国古典经济学,它们共同的理论取向就是追求人之为人的"理性自由"。但古典哲学受其"观念论"影响,看重的是"精神自由",其自由仍然是"虚化"的;古典经济学受其"经验论"影响,看重的是"经济自由",其自由仍然是"物化"的。在二者之间自由还存在一个需要弥合和超越的"张力"。在《资本论》中,马克思通过"政治经济学批判",既超越了自由的"虚化",又超越了自由的"物化",进而建构了每个人全面发展的"自由王国",最终走向了自由的"现实化"。As a direct source of Marx's theory,the common theoretical preference of German classical philosophy and British classical economics is the pursuit of 'rational freedom 'of the human being. But classical philosophy which was influenced by the'ideology'focused on'the freedom of spirit',its freedom is still'virtualized'; while the classical economics which was influenced by 'Empiricism 'focused on 'economic freedom ',its freedom is still 'materialized'. There is a tension which needs to bridge and transcend between the two kinds of freedom. Through'the critique of political economy',Marx went beyond the 'virtualization'and 'materialized'of freedom in On Capital,and thenconstructed'the realm of freedom 'which is the development of everyone,finally it is going to the 'reality 'of freedom.

关 键 词：自由 自由的历险 德国观念论 古典经济学 《资本论》 

分 类 号：B038[哲学宗教—哲学理论]