高压SF_6断路器关合预击穿特性计算与试验研究  

Research on Calculations and Experiments of Closing Pre-strike Characteristics in High Voltage SF_6 Circuit Breakers

作　　者：林莘[1] 王飞鸣[1] 刘卫东[2] 夏亚龙 徐建源[1] 李志兵[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学电气工程学院,辽宁省沈阳市110870 [2]清华大学电机系,北京市海淀区100084 [3]中国电力科学研究院,北京市海淀区100192

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2016年第5期1445-1452,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51277123);国家电网公司科技项目(GY17201200063)~~

摘　　要：同步关合技术是控制断路器关合涌流和过电压的主要技术方法,技术关键点在于选取断路器触头合闸相角的合理范围。通过试验和仿真计算的手段研究高压断路器关合预击穿特性。首先,计算不同开距下灭弧室内电场强度和气流场介质密度的动态变化过程,应用SF6气体流注理论击穿判据计算合闸击穿电压曲线。搭建126 k V SF6断路器动态击穿特性试验回路,给出正、负极性电压下断路器合闸过程动态击穿电压曲线,分析SF6气体极性效应对击穿电压的影响。对比分析仿真计算与试验结果,给出同步关合技术最佳的合闸相角。结果表明:SF6气体正极性击穿电压值大于负极性;击穿电压值仿真计算值可以表征合闸过程临界击穿电压的变化;以试验数据为参考,在开关合闸偏差为±1 ms、电角度±18°时,确定最佳合闸目标相角为9°,预击穿时间在(0 ms,0.5 ms),预击穿电压在(0 k V,47.68 k V)范围内变化。The synchronous closing technique is the main technical method to control the breaker closing inrush currents and over-voltages. The technical key point is to select a reasonable range of the circuit breaker closing phase angle. In this paper, closing pre-strike characteristics in high voltage SF6 circuit breakers were researched by simulations and experiments. Electric field distribution between dynamic and static arc contacts was simulated. The distribution of pressure, temperature and the density were got in arc extinguish chambers. The dielectric recovery characteristic curve was obtained through the coupling of the electric field and flow field calculation. The test circuit of dynamic breakdown characteristics was built. Closing dynamic breakdown voltage curves of circuit breakers under positive and negative polarities were obtained. By comparison of simulation and experimental results, the best closing phase angle of the synchronous closing technology was given. The results showed that： the breakdown voltage of positive polarity is greater than that of negative polarity of SF6 gas. The simulation value of breakdown voltage can characterize the critical breakdown voltage changes. With test data as a reference, the best target closing phase angle is 9° when switch closing deviation time is ±1 ms and deviation electrical angle is ±18°. At this point, the pre-strike time is within （0 ms, 0.5 ms） range and pre-strike voltage is within （0 kV, 47.68 kV） range.

关 键 词：高压SF6断路器 合闸预击穿 动态击穿电压 极性效应 同步关合 

分 类 号：TM471[电气工程—电器]