发酵啤酒糟替代配合饲料中豆粕对奥尼罗非鱼生长与生化指标的影响  

Fermented brewer's grain as a substitute for soybean meal in formulated diets for hybrid tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus × Oreochromis aureus)

作　　者：李小霞[1] 邱彬崇[1] 柳碧薇 甘炼[1] 潘庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2016年第2期396-405,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B020309001)

摘　　要：以发酵啤酒糟分别替代饲料中0、20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的豆粕,配制成6种等氮等能的试验饲料,研究发酵啤酒糟对奥尼罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureu）生长性能、体组成和血清生化指标的影响,以探明发酵啤酒糟在鱼类配合饲料中的适宜用量。将540尾初始体重为（3.00±0.08）g的奥尼罗非鱼随机分为6个试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,在室内循环水养殖系统中进行为期60 d的生长试验。结果表明：当发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕的比例在0~60%时,各试验组间增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率均无显著差异;超过60%时,生长性能显著下降（P〈0.05）。以增重率和饲料效率为判据,通过折线模型分析得到,奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼饲料中发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕的最适比例分别为54.1%和55.4%。随着发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕比例的升高,试验鱼肌肉和全鱼组织脂肪含量及脏体比、肝体比均呈下降趋势,而水分和灰分呈上升趋势（P〉0.05）。血清谷草转氨酶（AST）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT）的活性及血糖含量随着发酵啤酒糟替代比例的增加而升高,当替代比例超过40%时,血清AST和ALT活性及血糖含量显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。血清甘油三酯和胆固醇含量则随替代比例的增加而呈下降趋势,替代比例超过40%时,甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）;当替代比例超过60%时,胆固醇含量显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）。在本试验条件下,综合考虑生长和血清生化指标,奥尼罗非鱼饲料中发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕的最适比例为54.1%~55.4%。This feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with fermented brewer＇s grain levels on the growth performance, body composition and serum biochemical indices of juvenile hybrid tilapias（Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus）. Five hundred and forty juveniles with an initial weight of（3.00±0.08） g were randomly divided into six groups, with three replicates of 30 fish. Six isonitrogenous and isoenergic experimental diets were formulated to contain different levels of fermented brewers＇ grains to replace soybean meal at 0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively. The experiment was performed for 60 days in anindoor recirculating culture system. The results showed that there were no significant differences in weight gain, specific growth ratio, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio when the replacement level was 0–60%（P〉0.05）. When the replacement level was more than 60%, the growth performance of the fish was significantly lower compared with the control group（P〈0.05）. Based on weight gain and feed efficiency by quadratic regression analysis, the best replacement ratios of soybean meal with fermented brewer＇s grain were 54.1% and 55.4%, respectively. The crude lipid contents in the whole body and muscle decreased as the replacement level increased, while the moisture and ash contents showed the opposite trend（P〉0.05）. Meanwhile, the viscerosomatic index（VSI） and hepatosomatic index decreased with increasing dietary fermented brewer＇s grain level（P〉0.05）. When the replacement level was 100%, the VSI was significantly lower than in the control group（P〈0.05）. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase（AST） and alanine aminotransferase（ALT） and the glucose content significantly increased as the replacement level increased; when the replacement level was more than 40%, serum ALT and AST activities were significantly higher than in the control group（P〈0.05）. When the replacement level was more than 20%, the gluc

关 键 词：奥尼罗非鱼 发酵啤酒糟 生长性能 体成分 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]