岩溶坡地不同植被类型土壤水分入渗特征及其影响因素  

Soil water infiltration characteristics and their influence factors on karst hill slopes under different vegetation types

作　　者：胡阳[1,2,3] 邓艳[1,2] 蒋忠诚[1,2] 李衍青[1,2] 蓝芙宁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [2]国土资源部岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [3]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第3期597-604,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40902074和41471447);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题(2011BAC09B02);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(YWF201401)资助

摘　　要：通过野外调查与室内分析,研究了广西平果果化典型岩溶坡地荒地、草地、灌丛、林灌4种不同植被覆盖下土壤水分入渗特征及其影响因素。结果表明:荒地、草地和灌丛土壤的平均初渗速率差异不显著,但均明显低于林灌;土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率均较低,均<1 mm·min^(-1);随土层深度的增加,土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率均逐渐降低;荒地、草地和灌丛土壤的渗透系数、累积渗水量差异均不显著,但均明显低于林灌,且随土层深度的增加而降低;稳渗速率、渗透系数与土层深度、土壤容重、粘粒含量、初始含水量呈显著负相关,而与土壤有机碳、非毛管孔隙度、粉(砂)粒、水温呈显著正相关;影响土壤水分入渗性能的主要因素为土壤非毛管孔隙度和土壤中粘粒(<0.002 mm)含量。Based on field survey and laboratory analysis,we studied soil water infiltration and its influence factors in wasteland,grassland,bushwood,and forest-shrub land on typical karst hill slopes in Guohua,Pinguo,Guangxi. The results showed that no significant difference in initial infiltration rate was found among wasteland,grassland,and bushwood,but their initial infiltration rates were obviously lower than that in the forest-shrub land. The initial and steady infiltration rates in the study area were very low（ 〈1 mm·min^（-1））,and decreased gradually with the increase of soil depth. The permeability coefficient and cumulative water seepage did not differ in wasteland,grassland and bushwood,and decreased with the increase of soil depth,but they were obviously lower than those in the forest-shrub land. The steady infiltration rate and permeability coefficient were significantly negatively correlated with soil depth,soil bulk density,clay content and initial water content,while significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon content,non-capillary porosity,silt proportion and water temperature. Soil non-capillary porosity and clay content（ 〈0.002 mm） were the major factors influencing soil water infiltration ability.

关 键 词：土壤水分入渗 渗透速率 岩溶 植被类型 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]