悬浮填料生物膜反应器处理黑水的启动挂膜  

Study on starting-up of suspended carrier biofilm reactor treating black-water

作　　者：陈伟华[1] 陈同辉[1] 陈洪斌[1] 戴晓虎[1] 丁扣林 

机构地区：[1]同济大学城市污染控制国家工程研究中心,上海200092 [2]广东鑫都环保有限公司,广州510627

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第2期566-572,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家"水体污染控制与治理"科技重大专项(2012ZX07318-002);科技部国际合作重点课题(2014DFA91650)

摘　　要：采用自然挂膜法在低碳氮比的黑水中启动悬浮填料生物膜反应器,探讨了进水有机物和氨氮负荷率对挂膜启动的影响,分析了挂膜过程中溶解性化学需氧量（SCOD）、氨氮（NH＋4-N）和总氮（TN）的去除转化规律及填料上附着生物量和填料生物相的变化规律。研究结果表明,在DO为1.5-2.5 mg/L、温度为（21±2）℃等条件下可快速（43 d）启动生物硝化挂膜,SCOD、NH＋4-N和TN去除率分别可达到84%、62%和46%,单个填料上的生物膜量达到0.49 g/个。进水SCOD、NH＋4-N负荷率明显影响硝化细菌在填料上的成膜和生物硝化效率。研究认为,进水SCOD、NH＋4-N负荷率分别保持5.34g/（m^2·d）、1.44 g/（m^2·d）左右,能够促快速挂膜并获得良好的短程硝化和同步硝化反硝化效果。The starting-up of bench-scale suspended carrier biofilm reactor（ SCBR） treating black water through the way of natural biofilm acclimation was studied. The role of the influent organic and ammonia nitrogen（ NH＋4-N） loading rates on biofilm formation,the removal tendencies of soluble chemical oxygen demand（ SCOD）,NH＋4-N,total nitrogen（ TN） and the variation of attached biomass,biota were investigated. The results showed that SCBR system can be started up within 43 d under the conditions of dissolved oxygen between1. 5—2. 5 mg / L and temperature at（ 21 ± 2） ℃,the removal rates of SCOD,NH＋4-N and TN can reach to84%,62% and 46%,respectively; the biomass of each carrier is 0. 49 g. The influent SCOD,NH＋4-N loading rates are prevailing factors to affect the acclimation of nitrifying bacteria and NH＋4-N removal efficiency during biofilm formation. To achieve quicker biofilm formation and better removal efficiency of short-cut nitrification and simultaneous nitrification,denitrification,it is suggested that the influent SCOD,NH＋4-N loading rates should be maintained around 5. 34 and 1. 44 g /（ m^2·d）,respectively.

关 键 词：移动床生物膜反应器 自然挂膜法 填料表面负荷率 同步硝化反硝化 生物膜量 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]