三七病毒病症状类型及分布调查初报  

Preliminary Study on the Symptom Types of Panax notoginseng Virus Disease and Their Distribution

作　　者：陈昱君[1] 王勇[1] 李晓静[2] 刘云芝[1] 杨建忠[1] 朱云飞[1] 孙玉琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]文山学院文山三七研究院,云南文山663000 [2]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期178-184,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160360);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAI13B01)

摘　　要：为探明三七病毒病症状类型及危害情况,本研究到文山、砚山、邱北、马关4个县(市)11个乡(镇)七园,采取平行线取样调查法和加权平均统计法,对三七病毒病症状类型及发病率进行了调查分析。结果表明:依据病害症状表现不同,将文山地区三七病毒病症状划分为7种类型,即:皱缩型、褪绿型、花叶型、麻点叶斑型、驴耳型、丛顶型、复合型;皱缩型病毒病症状广泛存在于文山州各三七产区,2011,2012和2013年的平均发病率分别为6.56%,2.21%和14.21%;褪绿型、花叶型在三七产区七园有少量发生,平均发病率分别在3%和1%以下;麻点叶斑型在三七产区七园均有发生,部分七园发病率达11.42%;驴耳型在三七产区七园时有发生,其中透光率高的七园发病较重;丛顶型仅部分七园发生,3年调查平均发病率均在0.5%以下;复合型症状多出现在二年生、三年生七园,个别七园发病较重。可见,三七病毒病症状虽复杂多样,但以三七皱缩型病毒病的危害为主,且近几年呈上升趋势,在三七生产上应引起重视。In order to study Panax notoginseng virus disease symptom type and their damage degree, we made an investigation in 11 townships （towns） of Wenshan, Yanshan, Qiubei and Maguan Counties by parallel sampling survey method and weighted average method. The results showed that the P. notoginseng virus disease symptoms could be divided into seven types including shrinking, chlorosis, mosaic, pitting leaf spot, the donkey ears, bushy top and complex. The type of shrinking widely distributed in P. notoginseng production areas of Wenshan. The average incidences of shrinking disease were 6.56% in 2011, 2.21% in 2012 and 14.21% in 2013. The types of chlorosis and mosaic were seldom observed in P. notoginseng planting garden and their average incidences were below 3% and 1%, respectively. Pitting leaf spot commonly occurred in most planting garden and the incidence reached 11.42% in some gardens. Donkey ears type occasionally happened, but caused heavy damage in the garden with high light transmittance. Bushy top was only observed in some gardens and its average incidence was under 0.5% during the three survey years. Comprehensive symptoms appeared in the biennial and the third-year P. notoginseng planting garden, and happened seriously in some gardens. Therefore, though the symptoms of P. notoginseng virus disease are various, the shrinking type is dominant among the virus diseases; we should pay attention to it in the production areas.

关 键 词：三七 病毒病 症状类型 分布 调查 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]