缙云山常绿阔叶林建群种栲树的种子萌发特性  

Seed Germination Characteristics of the Dominate Tree Castanopsis fargesii in Evergreen Broadleaved Forest on Mt.Jinyun

作　　者：高祥阳[1] 黄力[1] 杨超[1] 杨永川[1] 袁兴中[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期127-133,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(No.cstc2012jjA00014);重庆市研究生科研创新项目

摘　　要：在实验室条件下研究了缙云山国家级保护区常绿阔叶林主要建群种栲树（Castanopsis fargesii）种子的萌发特性。经测定,单粒栲树种子质量变化范围为0.21～1.29g;按照栲树种子单粒质量频数分布选择大种子（0.80～1.29 g）、中种子（0.55～0.65 g）和小种子（0.21～0.40 g）进行种子萌发实验,探讨种内种子大小对萌发的影响;另外对种子进行表面消毒处理,探讨杀菌处理对种子萌发的影响。结果显示：1）栲树种子千粒重达到（582.21±16.14）g,超过缙云山绝大多数乔木植物,种子质量大;2）栲树种子整体萌发率达到75.1%,大种子为76.4%,中种子为85%,小种子为64%,大种子和中种子萌发率显著大于小种子（p〈0.05）;3）种子经过表面杀菌处理其萌发率并没有显著提高;4）栲树种子起始萌发时间为4 d,持续萌发时间为20 d,没有休眠性,萌发格局属于过渡型。综合分析认为,栲树种子这些萌发特性有利于种群持续稳定的更新,以维持栲树在群落中的优势地位。Seed is the basis of natural regeneration of forest vegetation, and plays a key role in population maintenance, population dynamics and community structure. Seed size and seed germination are crucial plant life history traits related to seedling establish- ment, survival, competition and fitness. Castanopsisfargesii is the main dominant species in evergreen broad-leaved forest and has important ecological significance. The experiment was conducted under laboratory condition to investigate the effects of seed mass and seed surface sterilization on the germination pattern. Seeds of C. fargesii were collected from the National Natural Reserve of Mt. Jinyun in Chongqing municipality, and stored with wet sand in room temperature. Experiment was conducted in the laboratory for about one month （March, 2014）. Seeds were divided in three size classes, small seed （0.21～0.40 g, mean= （0.34±0.05） g）, medium seed（0.55～0.65 g, mean= （0.60±0.03） g）and large seed （0.80～1.29 g, mean= （0.90±0.09） g）. The treatment was surface sterilization （earbendazim, 5 mg · L-1 ）. Seeds were snowed in wet sand inside Petri dishes placed in chambers at 23 ℃ and a photoperiod of 12 h light ： 12 h darkness. The results showed that： 1） Thousand-seed mass of C. fargesii seed was （582± 16.14） g, and the average germination percentage was 75.1 %. 2） Germination percentage of large and medium C. fargesii seeds （76.4 %, 85 %, respectively） was higher than that of small seeds （64 % ） （p〈 0.05）, indicating germination rate was significantly affected by seed mass. 3） Germination percentage was 78% when treated with earbendazim, showing seed surface sterilization had little effect on seed germination rate. 4） The initial germination time was 4 days, and lasted more than 20 days, showing germina- tion pattern was intermediate, and delayed germination of C. fargesii seeds in the wild was not due to true dormancy. These charac- teristics of seed germination of C. fargesii may contribute

关 键 词：栲 缙云山 种子大小 种子萌发 萌发策略 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]