十一个北美海棠品种在山东地区的生长特性及观赏性状研究  

Study on the Growth Characteristics and Ornamental Characters of 11 Varieties of North American Begoniain Shandong Region

作　　者：董仲国 国淑梅 张艳君 颜亚男 薛建霞 牛贞福 

机构地区：[1]山东农业工程学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2016年第5期76-79,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山东省星火计划资助项目(2013XH17001)

摘　　要：为探索北美海棠在山东地区的区域适应性和观赏性,扩大其在园林绿化中的应用范围,对11个北美海棠品种进行生长特性、枝叶特性、观花特性和观果特性的观测。结果表明:11个北美海棠品种均能正常生长、展叶、开花、结果,完成其生活史,但其生长特性、枝叶特性、花果特性表现出一定差异性。其中植株高度、冠幅、胸径等生长特性表现较好的品种有"丰花"、"露易莎"、"冬红果"、"罗宾逊";抽枝展叶、枝叶密度、叶片大小、厚薄等枝叶性状表现较好的品种有"红丽"、"冬红果"、"露易莎";"露易莎"无论从生长性状还是枝叶性状均表现最好,其次为"冬红果"。从现蕾期、花期、花大小、花密度等观花性状看表现较好的品种有"凯尔斯"、"丰花"、"丽丝"、"露易莎"、"果冻";从果大小、果密度等观果性状上表现较好的品种有"凯尔斯"、"露易莎"、"果冻"、"丽丝";在观花、观果方面,"凯尔斯"表现最好,其花重瓣、果大,其次是"露易莎"、"果冻"和"丽丝"。各品种花、果颜色丰富多彩、差异较大。"露易莎"在生长特性、枝叶特性、观花观果特性上综合表现良好。In order to explore regional adaptability and ornamental in Shandong Province,expanding range of applications in landscaping,the growth and foliage and flower and fruit characteristics of 11 North American Begoniavarieties were observed.The results showed that all 11 varieties of North American Begoniacould grow,flowering and fruit normally,complete their life history.But some differences were showed out in their growth characteristics and foliage characteristics,flower and fruit characteristics.Varieties of Malus ‘Profusion＇,Malus ‘Louisa＇,Malus ‘crabapple＇,Malus‘Robinson＇were showed better in the plant height,crown diameter and diameter at breast height growth characteristics;varieties of Malus‘Red splendor＇,Malus‘crabapple＇,Malus‘Louisa＇were better in branching leaves,leaf density,size,thickness.Whether from the growth traits or foliage traits,Malus‘Louisa＇had the best performance,followed by Malus‘crabapple＇.Varieties of Malus‘Kelsey＇,Malus‘Profusion＇,Malus‘Liset＇,Malus‘Louisa＇,Malus‘Strawberry Parfait＇were better from flower traits such as bud stage,florescence,flower size,flower density.Varieties of Malus‘Kelsey＇,Malus‘Louisa＇,Malus‘Strawberry Parfait＇,Malus‘Liset＇were good in fruit size and fruit density view.In the flower and fruit,Malus‘Kelsey＇performance was the best,the double flowers,big fruit,followed by Malus‘Louisa＇,Malus‘Strawberry Parfait＇and Malus‘Liset＇.The color of flower and fruit was rich,colorful and different.Malus‘Louisa＇in terms of growth characteristics,foliage characteristics,or fruit characteristics were good in the flower.

关 键 词：北美海棠 生长特性 观赏性状 

分 类 号：S661.4[农业科学—果树学]