Rab蛋白在膜转运中的角色及相关细胞生物功能  

The role of rabs in membrane transport and related cell biological functions

作　　者：黄薇[1] 康雁君[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学无锡医学院,无锡214122

出　　处：《生命的化学》2016年第1期27-32,共6页Chemistry of Life

摘　　要：Rab蛋白是多种细胞膜转运的关键调节蛋白,在转运囊泡的形成、转运、停靠以及融合中发挥重要作用。胞内定位不同的Rab蛋白在膜转运过程中具有协调性,形成了复杂的调控网络。在肾上皮细胞中Rab蛋白可参与细胞的极化、基底膜的蛋白质分泌以及初生纤毛的形成;在神经元细胞中Rab蛋白能调控突触囊泡的转运、纤毛的生成和功能发挥以及神经元的迁移活动;此外,Rab蛋白还可参与调控内质网的形态发生、Weibel-Palade小体(Weibel-Palade body,WPB)的生成以及炎症反应的发生。此类调控过程中,任何环节的改变都可能会导致蛋白质转运的异常,进而引发各种疾病。本文对Rab蛋白在膜转运中的调控作用,进而在多种细胞的生物功能的调节中所扮演的角色进行系统地描述。Rabs are key regulators of a variety of cell membrane transport, playing important roles through formation, transportation, docking and fusion of transport vesicles. Intracellular localization of Rabs are diversified, and have coordination in the membrane transport process, forming a complex regulatory network. Rabs in renal epithelial cells can take part in the polarization of the cells, basement membrane protein＇s secretion, and the formation of primary cilia. Rabs in neurons can regulate synaptic vesicles transportation, formation and functions of cilia, and neuron migration. In addition, Rabs also be involved in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum morphogenesis, WPB formation and inflammatory reaction. Any change in this network can lead to abnormal protein transport, causing various diseases. This article has illuminated how Rabs involved in regulating the membrane transport, and how Rabs can regulate a variety of cell biological functions in details.

关 键 词：RAB蛋白 膜转运 质膜前体囊泡 纤毛生成 WPB 

分 类 号：Q26[生物学—细胞生物学]