生物乙烯研究进展  

Research Progress on Bio-ethylene

作　　者：孙梦婷[1,2] 范晓蕾[1] 郭荣波[1] 邱艳玲[1] 赵晓娴 

机构地区：[1]山东省沼气工业化生产与利用工程实验室中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所生物燃料重点实验室,青岛266101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2016年第2期38-45,共8页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2012AA052103);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41276143);国家科技支撑项目(2013BAD22B00)

摘　　要：乙烯是世界需求量最大的化工原料,被广泛用于制造塑料制品、纺织品及其他化工产品。目前,最常用的生产乙烯的方式是通过石油裂解制备乙烯,但其存在生产成本高、环境不友好等弊端,这为生物乙烯的发展带来契机。生物乙烯合成以CO2或生物质等可再生能源为原料,具资源节约、环境友好的优势。描述了生物乙烯合成的两种途径──间接和直接合成途径,着重论述微生物通过乙烯合成酶(EFE)直接合成乙烯的原理,描述了EFE的结构、序列及催化机制,列举了数个工程菌异源合成乙烯的成功案例,提出提高产量的策略,并对微生物制乙烯的发展前景进行展望。Ethylene is the chemical raw material of largest demand in the world, and is widely utilized for producing plastics, textiles and other chemical products. Currently, the most common method of producing ethylene is steam cracking of fossil oil;however, there exist drawbacks of high cost and non-friendly to environment, which bring the opportunity for the development of bio-ethylene. Bio-ethylene is produced from renewable resources of CO2 and biomass, which contributes to saving resources and protecting environment. In this review, we introduce two pathways of bio-ethylene production—direct and indirect synthesis. Here we focus on the direct synthesis pathway of microorganisms via an ethylene forming enzyme（EFE）, describing the structure, sequence and catalytic mechanism of EFE, illustrating several successful cases of engineered heterologous hosts synthetizing ethylene, presenting the strategies for improving yields, and prospecting the development of producing ethylene by microorganisms.

关 键 词：生物乙烯 直接合成 微生物 乙烯合成酶 异源表达 

分 类 号：TQ221.211[化学工程—有机化工]