基于不同视角的商品价值论  

Commodity Value Theory Based on the Different Perspectives

作　　者：梅建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学经济与管理学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第2期101-111,共11页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：经济思想史上的商品价值论,观点各异乃至相互对立,似乎杂乱无章,但经梳理分析,可谓杂而不乱,只是各自的视角不同而已。它们分别是基于原始商品生产视角的活劳动价值论、基于小私有制商品生产视角的劳动价值论、基于大私有制商品生产视角的收入价值论和要素价值论、基于发达商品生产视角的生产价格论、基于生产者视角的费用价值论、基于消费者视角的效用价值论和基于市场视角的费用/效用价值论。因此,总体来说,各种商品价值论不应是"非此即彼",而应是"亦此亦彼"。当今对于商品价值的探究,应基于生产者和消费者相统一的市场的视角,视"商品价值是生产费用对效用的关系",视商品价值论为效用/费用价值论,使商品价值既体现满足消费者需要的商品效用,又体现满足生产者获利的生产费用,从而促使商品生产以商品效用为导向,商品交换以生产费用为基础,以便于生产者所生产的商品适销对路,有利可图;消费者所购买的商品符合需求,物有所值。In the history of economic thoughts,different commodity value theories have different and even conflicting views,which seem totally out of order and unsystematic. But after sorting out and analyzing them,it can be concluded that they are miscellaneous but not unsystematic,in fact,different theories just have different perspectives. They are the living labor value theory based on the perspective of original commodity production,the labor value theory based on the perspective of small private ownership of commodity production,the income value theory and the factor value theory based on the perspective of large private ownership of commodity production,the production price theory based on the perspective of developed commodity production,the cost value theory based on the perspective of producer,the utility value theory based on the perspective of consumers,and the cost / utility value theory based on the perspective of market. Therefore,in general,all kinds of commodity value theory should not be ＂either this or that ＂,but should be ＂both this and that＂. For today＇s commodity value inquiry,it should be based on the perspective of the market which unifies the producers and consumers,viewing commodity value as the relation of the production cost to utility,and viewing commodity value theory as the utility / cost value theory. So the commodity value not only reflects the commodity utility which can meet the consumer＇s needs,but also reflects the production cost which can meet the profitability of the producer. Thus,commodity production can be commodity utility- oriented; commodity exchange can be cost- based. Finally,the commodity that producers produce can be marketable and profitable,and at the same time,consumers can get the commodity that is worth the money and meets their demand.

关 键 词：商品价值论 生产者视角 消费者视角 市场视角 

分 类 号：F01[经济管理—政治经济学]