重型颅脑外伤患者行鼻胃管与鼻肠管肠内营养的对比研究  

Comparative Study on Enteral Nutrition of Nasogastric Tube and Nasointestinal Tube Enteral in Severe Craniocerebral Trauma Patients

作　　者：曾玉琼 

机构地区：[1]广东省云浮市人民医院,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2016年第8期125-128,共4页Medical Innovation of China

基　　金：云浮市科技计划项目(WS1407)

摘　　要：目的:探究重型颅脑外伤患者使用不同营养途径即鼻胃管与鼻肠管对患者的治疗作用,进一步总结归纳临床中适合重型颅脑外伤患者的营养途径。方法:选取本院2014年6月-2015年6月收治的重型颅脑外伤的患者78例作为研究对象,按照入院时间顺序随机分为对照组与研究组,两组均于颅脑外伤24 h循环稳定后给予鼻饲处理,对照组采用鼻胃管,研究组采用鼻肠管肠内营养。比较两组置管并发症误吸、返流、腹胀、腹泻、消化道出血及肺部感染的发生率,比较两组平均住院时间与平均住院花费。结果:研究组误吸、返流、肺部感染及总并发症发生率均低于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组平均住院时间短于对照组,平均住院花费少于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:重型颅脑外伤患者采用鼻肠管肠内营养效果优于鼻胃管,能有效减少置管引起的并发症发生率,有效降低患者的经济负担及住院时间,且安全可靠容易实施,是一条实用、高效的临床营养通道。Objective： To explore the treatment effect of using different trophic pathways （ nasogastric tube and nasointestinal tube ） on patients with severe traumatic brain injury in order to further summarize the suitable trophic pathways in clinic for severe traumatic brain injury patients.Method： A total of 78 patients with severe traumatic brain injury in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2015 were selected as the research objects.All patients were randomly divided into the control group and the research group according to the order of admission time.All patients got nasal feeding treatment 24 hours after craniocerebral trauma when the circulation was stable.The control group was treated with nasogastric tube, the research group was given nasointestinal tube for enteral nutrition.The incidence of complications such as aspiration, reflux, abdominal distension, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding and pulmonary infection were compared between the two groups, the average length of hospital stay and the average hospitalization expenses in the two groups were compared.Result： The incidence rates of aspiration, reflux, pulmonary infection and complications in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant （ P〈0.05 ） .The average length of hospital stay in the research group was shorter than that in the control group, the average hospitalization expenses of the research group was lower than that of the control group, the differences were all statistically significant （ P〈0.05 ） .Conclusion： The enteral nutrition effect of nasointestinal tube is better than that of the nasogastric tube in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. It can effectively reduce catheter induced complications, the economic burden of patients and hospitalization time. Besides, the nasointestinal tube for enteral nutrition is safe and reliable and is easy to implement.It is a practical and efficient clinical nutrition channel.

关 键 词：重型颅脑外伤 鼻胃管 鼻肠管 肠内营养 对比研究 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学]