2014年银川市麻疹监测病例的检测与分析  

Detection and analysis of monitoring measles cases in Yinchuan in 2014

作　　者：张伟宏[1] 晋博烜[1] 谭玉臻 马学旻[2] 纳玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]银川市疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750011 [2]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第5期931-933,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的对2014年银川市麻疹监测病例进行实验室检测与分析。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、荧光定量-聚合酶链反应法(FQ-PCR)、细胞培养法分别检测麻疹Ig M抗体、麻疹病毒核酸和分离鉴定麻疹病毒,据此对麻疹监测病例进行实验室诊断。结果麻疹Ig M抗体阳性率为25.1%(53/211),麻疹病毒核酸阳性率为30.3%(64/211),麻疹Ig M抗体检测阳性而核酸检测阴性者5例,麻疹病毒核酸检测阳性而Ig M抗体阴性者16例,两种检测方法阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(X^2=4.76,P<0.05);69份实验室确诊麻疹病例的咽拭子标本中分离到11株麻疹病毒。结论 2014年银川市流行的麻疹病毒为H1a型;荧光定量-聚合酶链反应法和酶联免疫吸附试验联合检测,相互结合、相互补充,对于麻疹监测病例早期快速诊断有很好的应用价值。Objective This article wants to make laboratory tests and analysis for the cases of measles surveillance in the city of Yinchuan in 2014. Methods The method of enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA）,fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction（ FQ- PCR） and cell culture were adopted to detect the Ig M antibody of measles virus,the nucleic acid of measles virus and separate and identified of measles virus,respectively. The above methods were used to analyze laboratory diagnosis cases of measles surveillance. Results The positive rate of measles Ig M antibody and measles virus nucleic acid were 25. 1%（ 53 /211） and 30. 3%（ 64 /211）,respectively. Among these,5 cases showed measles Ig M antibody test positive and nucleic acid detection negative,and 16 cases showed measles virus nucleic acid positive,however,Ig M antibody negative. The consistent rate of the two methods was 90%. The positive detection rate of these two methods had statistical significance（X^2 = 4. 76,P 〈0. 05）. 11 strains of measles viruses had been separated from 69 confirmed measles cases of pharyngeal swab specimens. Conclusion In 2014,epidemic of measles virus is mainly H1 a in Yinchuan. The method of fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay can be combined and complete with each other,and it will be good for early rapid diagnosis.

关 键 词：麻疹病毒 ELISA 麻疹IGM抗体 FQ-PCR 麻疹病毒核酸 细胞培养 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]