凉山烟区不同时期采收对上部烟叶烘烤特性的影响  

Effects of Harvest Time on Curing Characteristics of Tobacco Upper Leaves in Liangshan Tobacco Growing Area

作　　者：罗万麟 牛寻 常安然[2] 唐付林[2] 路晓崇[2] 杨柳[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,四川西昌410007 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2016年第2期94-97,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司资助项目(Ts-01-2011006)

摘　　要：为了提高烟叶的烘烤质量,以红花大金元上部叶为材料,研究不同时期采收对烟叶在烘烤过程中颜色特征值、叶片组织含水率及烘烤效果的影响。结果表明:烘烤过程中不同成熟度烟叶颜色的亮度值、红度值、黄度值及饱和度差异较大,尤其是提前采收与推迟采收之间的差异较大,而正常采收与推迟采收之间的差异较小,但烟叶的色相角差异较小;随着成熟度的提高,烟叶叶片的失水速率以正常采收和推迟7 d采收的较快,主脉的失水速率以推迟7 d采收最快;烤后烟叶的外观质量总体上以推迟7 d采收的表现最好,但烟叶的经济效益以正常采收的最高。在烟叶生产过程中可以适当推迟采收时间,以提高红花大金元的成熟度,进而提高烤后烟叶的外观质量与经济效益。In order to improve the curing quality of tobacco leaves, with upper leaves of Honghua Dajinyuan as the material, the study investigated the effects of different harvest times on color characteristic value, leaf tissue water content and curing effect in the curing process. The results showed that in the curing process, the brightness value, red value, yellow value and saturation degree value of tobacco leaves of different maturity degrees were quite different, especially between the leaves harvested in advance and those harvested behind the time while the leaves harvested on time and those harvested behind the time had smaller difference, but the differences of hue angle of tobacco leaves were relatively small. Along with the increase of maturity degree, the dehydration rates were relatively faster for tobacco leaves harvested on time and those harvested with 7 d delay, and the dehydration rate of the main vein was the fastest when tobacco leaves were harvested with 7 d delay. The appearance quality of tobacco leaves harvested with 7 d delay was of the best performance in general after the curing treatment, but the economic benefit of tobacco leaves harvested on time was the highest. In the production process of tobacco leaves, we could promote the maturity of Honghua Dajinyuan by properly postponing the harvest time, and thus improve the appearance quality and economic benefits of tobacco leaves after the curing process.

关 键 词：烤烟 采收时期 成熟度 颜色特征值 含水率 烘烤效果 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]