踝关节扭伤防护及其康复研究进展  

Research progress of ankle sprains,protection and rehabilitation

作　　者：关国平[1] 孟强[1] 牛文鑫[2] 王璐[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室,上海201620 [2]同济大学附属上海市养志康复医院,上海201619

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2016年第1期78-82,共5页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11302154);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2232015A3-02);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(ZX201503000017);纺织生物材料与技术创新引智基地项目(B07024)

摘　　要：踝关节扭伤是临床最常见的外科损伤之一。阐述足踝部解剖结构,重点回顾踝关节运动过程中韧带的生物力学状态。同时,分析踝关节扭伤机制,归纳目前踝关节扭伤预防和康复的主要手段,并着重介绍踝护具预防踝关节扭伤的使用及研究进展。进而归纳踝护具的分类及特点,对踝关节扭伤的预防和踝护具的发展进行展望。踝关节外侧韧带损伤的多发性源于踝关节生理结构的内外侧差异,踝护具的改进及新型踝护具的开发应考虑此结构特点。佩戴踝护具对踝关节扭伤防护具有积极意义,在临床康复方面具有缩短康复时间和避免再次受伤的作用。对于踝关节严重扭伤的康复,半刚性护踝比弹性护踝效果更好。Ankle sprains are one of the most common surgical injuries in clinic. In this article,the foot anatomy structure was elaborated,and the biomechanics of ankle ligaments during sports was mainly reviewed. At the same time,the mechanism of ankle sprains was analyzed,the principal means of ankle sprains,prevention and rehabilitation at present were summarized,and the use of ankle braces to prevent ankle sprains as well as its research progress were introduced emphatically. The classification and characteristics of ankle braces were then summarized,and the prevention of ankle sprains and development of ankle braces were prospected. The multiple ankle lateral ligament damage was due to the physiological structure differences between lateral and medial ligaments of the ankle joints,and such structure characteristic should be considered while improving ankle braces and designing new ankle braces. Wearing ankle braces plays a key role in ankle sprains protection,which can shorten the recovery time and avoid re-injury in clinical rehabilitation. For rehabilitation of severe ankle sprains,semi-rigid ankle braces are better than elastic ones.

关 键 词：踝关节扭伤 踝护具 防护 康复 韧带损伤 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]