氯胺酮滥用人群中HIV和HCV感染状况分析  

ANALYSIS OF HIV AND HCV INFECTION STATUS AMONG KETAMINE USERS IN 6 PROVINCES IN CHINA

作　　者：王汝佳[1,2] 鲍彦平[1] 马俊[1,2] 刘志民[1] 时杰[1] 陆林 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所,北京100191 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [3]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),北京100191

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2016年第1期132-138,共7页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81001265);十二五重大专项(2012ZX10001001)支持

摘　　要：目的:研究氯胺酮滥用对性行为的影响,并分析我国六个省市氯胺酮滥用人群中HIV和HCV的感染状况。方法:采用自拟调查问卷从2010年3月-2010年12月对北京、上海、云南、广东、湖南和湖北等地的强制隔离戒毒所中合成毒品滥用者进行回顾性调查,调查并统计分析人口学特征、性行为特征及HIV和HCV感染状况。结果:本次分析共纳入141名主要滥用毒品仅为氯胺酮的滥用者,其中女性占45.4%,平均年龄为(26.47±6.44)岁。调查对象使用氯胺酮后性冲动增强(t=-5.873,P<0.001),性活动次数增多(χ2=18.704,P<0.001),有56.9%的调查对象性活动时间延长,过去一年中,81.2%的氯胺酮滥用者使用合成毒品后与多人发生性关系。在该调查人群中未发现HIV感染者,但HCV感染率为30.2%,单因素Logistic回归分析发现,女性[OR=2.82,95%可信区间(95%CI):1.33-6.00]、初中及以下学历(OR=6.76,95%CI:2.81-16.24)、无业(OR=2.55,95%CI:1.17-5.58)为HCV感染的危险因素。结论:氯胺酮有增强性行为作用,滥用者容易发生不安全性行为,该人群中有较高HCV感染率。研究提示相关部门应采取综合措施控制氯胺酮的滥用及其导致的HCV等性传播疾病的感染与传播。Objective： To study the characteristics of sexual behavior and HIV and HCV infection status among ketamine users in 6 provinces in China.Methods： A retrospective research was carried out with a self-designed questionnaire for the Ketamine users in the forced or community detoxification in Beijing, Shanghai, Yunnan, Guangdong,Hunan and Hubei from March 2010 to December 2010.We investigated and analyzed the demographic characteristics, unprotected sexual behavior and the prevalence of HIV and HCV.Results： Among the 141 subjects,female account for 45.4% and the mean age of them is（ 26.47 ± 6.44） years.The use of ketamine can enhance sexual impulse（ t =-5.873,P 〈0.001）,and increase the frequency of sex（ χ^2= 18.704,P〈 0.001）.Among them,56.9% of the participants increased duration of sex,and 81.2% of ketamine users engaged in sex with multiple partners after using drug during the past year.Although the positive infection of HIV is not detected, theprevalence of exposure to HCV is 30.2%.HCV was associated with female [OR = 2.82,95%confidence interval（ 95% CI） ： 1.33-6.00 ],low education-level（ OR = 6.67,95% CI： 2.81-16.24）,and unemployment（ OR = 2.55,95% CI = 1.17-5.58）.Conclusion： The use of ketamine can enhance sexual impulse,and increase the frequency and duration of sex.Ketamine users may have unprotected sex with multiple partners.Prevalence of exposure to HCV in this study is high.It is high time for our government to take comprehensive strategies to prevent the abuse of ketamine and transmission and infection of HIV and HCV.

关 键 词：氯胺酮 不安全性行为 HIV HCV 危险因素 

分 类 号：R946[医药卫生—药剂学] R181[医药卫生—药学]