2012—2015年旅客列车自备水箱水卫生状况  

Sanitary conditions of water quality in self-contained water tank in passenger train from 2012-2015

作　　者：孙玲[1] 姬晓红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安铁路局疾病预防控制所,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第3期397-399,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解西安铁路局管辖内旅客列车自备水箱水卫生状况及其影响因素,为监督管理提供依据。方法 2012—2015年采集西安铁路局管辖内始发的不同类型的85组旅客列车水箱水,每组列车至少抽检5个车厢,按照GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》进行检测。结果共检测旅客列车水箱水500件,合格271件,总合格率为54.2%。2012—2015年水质合格率分别为56.0%、49.0%、65.0%、55.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高速列车水质合格率为36.8%,直快列车为45.5%,特快列车为62.2%,快速列车为60.5%,普通列车为36.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。春季水箱水合格率为62.7%;夏季为45.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。所检项目中,不合格项目有菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、浑浊度和游离余氯5项。结论西安铁路局旅客列车水箱水质合格率偏低,存在安全隐患,应加强监督和管理。[Objective]To investigate and analyze the sanitary conditions of water quality in self-contained water tank in passenger trains administrated by the Xi＇an Railway Bureau, explore the influencing factors, and provide the scientific basis for supervision and management. [Methods]The water samples were collected from the water tank of 85 groups of different types of passenger trains in Xi＇an Railway Bureau, and at least 5 carriages were sampled from each passenger train. The detection was performed according to the Standards examination methods for drinking water （GB/r 5750-2006）.[Results]271 of 500 water samples were qualified, with the qualified rate of 54.2%. The annual qualified rate in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 was respectively 56.0%, 49.0%, 65.0% and 55.0%, and the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. The qualified rate of water quality in different types of passenger trains was respectively 36.8% （high-speed train）, 45.5% （through train）, 62.2% （express train）, 60.5% （fast train） and 36.8% （ordinary train）, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The qualified rate of water quality during the spring and summer was respectively 62.7% and 45.3%, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The unqualified indexes included total bacterial count, total coliforms, thermotolerant coliform bacteria, turbidity and free residual chlorine. [Conclusion]The qualified rate of water quality in self-contained water tank in passenger trains of Xi＇an Railway Bureau is low, and there are hided safety problems. It＇s necessary to strengthen the health supervision and management in water quality.

关 键 词：旅客列车 水质 调查 分析 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]