近代以来日本的文明观变迁  

Transformations of Japanese Civilization in Modern Times

作　　者：杨栋梁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学世界近现代史研究中心,主任天津300071 [2]南开大学世界近现代史研究中心日本研究院,教授天津300071

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2016年第1期14-23,共10页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目<新编日本史>(13&ZD106)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：近代以来,原本"以中华为是"的日本传统文明观,先后经历了"脱亚入欧"、"脱欧归日"和"脱日入美"的三次转换。尽管每次"转换"都具有某种"质变"的意义,但其新文明观的确立并不意味传统文明观的泯灭,当"入欧"、"入美"取得成效之时,往往也是其"发现"传统、甚至拾起糟粕试图重塑日本式"新文明"的起端。日本的文明观转换留给世人的重要警示是:逆境时知耻而后勇,与时俱进地调整和更新落后观念,后进者可以奋起直追;顺境时不骄不躁,理性地看待自我和他者,国家和民族才能长盛不衰。Japanese traditional civilization which originally considered China as a model transformed three times in succession in modern times, which was 'break away from Asia to join Europe', 'break away from Europe to return to Japan' and 'break away from Japan to join America'. Although each transformation had some meaning of qualitative change, the establishment of a new civilization did not imply the vanishing of traditional civilization. When Japan making achievements in joining Europe or America, it tended to the beginning of rediscovering its tradition and even resuming its dross so as to remodel new civilization in Japan style. Transformations of Japanese civilization tell us that, when in adversity circumstances the latecomer should first be humiliated himself and then be brave, adjust and renew the backward concepts with the times, spare no effort to catch up; when in prosperity one should neither conceited nor rash, look upon oneself and others rationally, make the state and nation eternal.

关 键 词：日本近代 文明观 “脱亚入欧” “脱欧归日” “脱日入美” 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学]