蓄水坑灌不同灌水量土壤水分分布特征分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics of Soil Moisture Distribution Under Different Irrigation Amount of Water Storage Pit Irrigation

作　　者：李俊杰[1] 郭向红[1] 孙西欢[1] 马娟娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第3期140-143,148,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51109154;51249002);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20111402120006;20121402110009);山西省青年科技研究基金资助项目(2012021026-2);山西省科技攻关项目(20110311018-1;20140311016-6);山西省高等学校创新人才支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：蓄水坑灌是一种新型的果林节水灌溉方法,为合理确定灌水量,进行了田间不同灌水量条件下土壤水分运动试验。试验以灌水量为控制因子,设300、200、100 L/棵3种灌水量水平,研究不同灌水量条件下的果树土壤水分垂向、径向变化特征。结果表明:在不同灌水量条件下,土壤含水率增量在垂向上的变化趋势一致,随着土壤深度的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在同一深度范围,灌水量越大,土壤含水率增量也越大;不同灌水量条件下的土壤含水率增量在径向上的分布无明显差异,均呈现以蓄水坑为中心向两侧递减、土壤含水率增量在蓄水坑附近最大的特征;同深度的土壤含水率和土体湿润范围随时间的推移逐渐减小,最大土壤含水率也随时间推移而减小。Water storage pit irrigation is a new kind of fruit trees water?saving irrigation methods. In order to give a reasonable assurance for water storage pit depth, it carried out soil water movement tests under the condition of different irrigation amount of water storage pit irrigation. The test set up three different irrigation amounts of 300 L/pit, 200 L/pit and 100 L/pit for studying before and after irrigation soil moisture content increments in the vertical and radial distribution characteristics. The results show that under the condition of different irrigation amounts, the vertical direction change of the experiment soil moisture contents has essentially the same increment , showing a trend of decrease after the first increase. At the same depth, the bigger the irrigation water, soil water content increment corresponding. The soil moisture content increments of different irrigation amount condition on the radial distribution is no significant difference, increment of soil moisture content decreasing in both sides, the increment of soil moisture content in the water storage pit near the maximum. Through the study of soil water movement of water storage pit irrigation under the condition of different irrigation amounts, it lays theoretical basis for pit depth choosing under different fruit trees root moisture absorption environment.

关 键 词：蓄水坑灌 灌水量 土壤含水率 分布特征 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]