农民工阶层的政治权利与中国政治发展  

Peasant-worker Hierarchy and China's Political Development

作　　者：周庆智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院政治学研究所,北京100028

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2016年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大攻关项目"新时期我国农村综合改革研究"(12JZD023)

摘　　要：由先赋性身份不平等所造成的政治权利不平等,是农民工阶层所面对的政治现实。当今,农民工阶层参与城市公共事务的制度化渠道几乎没有,其维权诉求大多以个体抗争或集体行动的非制度化方式来表达。但农民工阶层已发生结构性变化:一是农民工群体的基本权利得不到保障且不断恶化,促成其逐渐觉醒的政治诉求;二是农民工尤其是新生代农民工日益表现出政治参与扩大需求。经验事实表明,农民工阶层未来政治权利诉求的指向,一方面是政治经济社会权利的制度平等正义问题,另一方面是社会财富分配公平与分配正义问题,这种变化与中国政治发展紧密相关。中国农民工阶层是一个历史现象,其未来发展走向或成为影响中国政治和社会稳定的消极力量,或成为推动中国民主政治建设的积极力量。这取决于能否赋予农民工阶层以平等的政治经济社会权利以及政治参与的法治化与制度化。The inequality of political rights caused by congenital imparity in status,is the political reality the peasant-worker hierarchy faces.Nowadays,there are hardly any institutional ways for those people to participate in city public affairs,so they have to resort to individual defiance and non-institutionalized collective actions. However,structural changes of this hierarchy have emerged：on one hand,the civil rights of peasant-workers are not guaranteed and deteriorate constantly,which have triggered off their arousal of political appeal.On the other hand,peasant-workers,especially the new-generation one,have been transforming from a self-being hierarchy to self-making hierarchy and requiring more political participation.Experimental facts indicate that the focuses of political appeal of this hierarchy lie in the institutional equality and justice of political,economic,social rights,as well as the fairness and justice of distribution of social wealth. This sort of transformation is related closely to China＇s political development.As a historic phenomenon,the future development of this hierarchy,might be a passive power which can affect China＇s politics and social stabilization,and also be a positive power which can promote China＇s democratic and political construction.The latter depends on endowing the hierarchy with equal rights in political,economic and social aspects,and legalization and institutionalization of political participation.

关 键 词：农民工阶层 政治权利 政治发展 政治参与制度化 

分 类 号：D412.6[政治法律—政治学] D621.5[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]