论交通事故“推定责任”及其定罪机能之否定  

Negation of the Liability Presumption for Traffic Accident and Its Conviction Function

作　　者：曹波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学,北京100872

出　　处：《贵州警官职业学院学报》2016年第1期45-54,共10页Journal of Guizhou Police Officer Vocational College

摘　　要：司法解释将"分清事故责任"作为交通肇事罪成立的基础要素加以规定,而以不同方式确定之事故责任在交通肇事罪的司法认定中有何差异却并不明确。"推定责任"是在法律法规预设的特殊情形下,直接以推定的方式确定交通事故责任,并不以查清事故事实为必要。"推定责任"虽在行政法、民法层面有其正当化根据和实践价值,但因不符合刑事证明的要求,有悖于"分清事故责任"的规定,未满足交通肇事罪的犯罪构成,从刑法评价的独立性出发,应否定其定罪机能,不应将其作为追究刑事责任的基础。Although judicial interpretation regulated ＂to distinguish the accident liability＂ as a constitutive element of traffic accident crime, the differences of the accident liabilities ascertained in diverse ways in the judicial cognizance of traffic accident crime remain inexplicit. Liability presumption means, in special circumstances presupposed by laws and regulations, presumption can be directly used to determine the liabilities of traffic accident rather than based on the facts of the accident. Liability presumption has legitimate ground and practical value in administrative law and civil law, but it does not meet the requirements of criminal proof, goes against the regulation regarding ＂to distinguish the accident liability＂ and can＇t form a constitutive element of traffic accident crime. As the evaluation of criminal law is independent, the conviction function of liability presumption should be negated and shan＇t be viewed as the basis for criminal sanction.

关 键 词：交通肇事罪 交通事故责任 推定责任 定罪机能 

分 类 号：D924.36[政治法律—刑法学]