北京地区中小学生常见吸入性变应原的调查分析  

Common inhalant allergen in the primary and middle school students in Beijing

作　　者：漆可[1] 曹春婷[1] 王媛[1] 刘媛媛[1] 田英[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市普仁医院耳鼻咽喉科,北京100062

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2016年第2期102-105,共4页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：北京市东城区科技计划项目(2013-3-005)

摘　　要：目的了解北京地区中小学生中常见吸入性变应原的种类分布情况。方法在北京地区参加调查的学生中,对其中1280名学生进行皮肤点刺试验,495名变应原阳性。结果北京地区中小学生中有49.3%的人对4种及4种以上变应原呈阳性反应,对常年组和夏秋季花粉变应原均呈阳性的最为常见(37.4%);城区中常见的前3位变应原为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、大籽嵩花粉;郊区为粉尘螨、柳树、大籽嵩花粉;按性别及年龄分组中,粉尘螨、屋尘螨、大籽嵩花粉为最常见的三类变应原,随年龄增长,阳性率降低。结论螨虫及夏秋季花粉是北京地区中小学生中最重要的变应原。OBJECTIVE To investigate the species distribution of the common inhaled allergens among the primary and middle school students in Beijing.METHODS A total of1280 students who were randomly selected underwent 20 kinds of common allergen skin prick test.Skin prick test were positive in 495 students.RESULTS 49.3%of the Beijing primary and secondary school students were positive for more than four kinds of allergens.The dust mites and fall pollen allergens were positive at the same time in 37.4%of the allergen positive students.The commonest three allergens were D.farina,D.pteronginus and Large seed fleabane pollen in urban area,and were dermatophagoides farinae,willow tree pollen and Large seed fleabane pollen in suburban area.The positive rate of skin prick test decreased with age.CONCLUSION The dust mites and fall pollen are the most important allergens in primary and middle school students in Beijing.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 常年性 鼻炎 变应性 季节性 变应原 流行病学 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]