贺州市2010年-2014年手足口病流行病学分析  

Epidemical analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Hezhou from 2010 to 2014

作　　者：黄朝华[1] 饶贵平[1] 赵书银[1] 邹喆[1] 黄亚雪 

机构地区：[1]贺州市疾病预防控制中心,广西贺州542899

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2016年第3期411-413,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解2010年-2014年贺州市手足口病的流行病学特征,探讨适宜的预防控制措施,为进一步预防和减少手足口病的发生提供理论依据。方法对广西贺州市2010年-2014年临床诊断为手足口病的1 738例门诊病例采集咽拭子、肛拭子和疱疹液等样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测,并运用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果临床诊断病例中,手足口病肠道病毒检出1 200例,重症病例296例,死亡病例36例,病例中男性754例,发病率为62.83%,女性446例,发病率为37.17%,不同性别间发病率差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=23.84,P〈0.01）;发病年龄集中在5岁以下;发病高峰期主要集中在5月-7月,其中2013年以来,冬季1月、11月、12月也成为手足口病的发病高峰期。病原检测以肠道病毒EV71病原为主,占45.42%,Cox A16感染占19.67%,其他肠道病毒感染占34.92%。结论贺州市小儿手足口病疫情呈上升趋势,手足口病发生的季节、年龄和性别方面存在明显差异性,冬季也成为手足口病的发病高峰期,发病构成趋向复杂化。Objective To investigate the epidemical characteristics of hand- foot- mouth disease（ HFMD） in Hezhou from2010 to 2014,and to discuss the appropriate prevention and control measures,so as to provide a scientific basis for the further prevention and reducing of HFMD. Methods Swabs,anal swab and herpes fluid samples were collected from 1 738 clinical patients diagnozed as HFMD from Hezhou of Guangxi from 2010 to 2014,and detected using real- time fluorescent quantitative PCR method,and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results There were 1 200 HFMD cases with enterovirus,296 cases with serious illness,36 cases of deaths. 754 cases were male,the incidence rate was 62. 83%,446 cases were female,the incidence rate was 37. 17%. The differences on incidence rates between different gender had statistical significance（ χ~2= 23. 84,P〈0. 01）. The onset age was under the age of 5; May to July was the incidence peak of HFMD,and since2013,November,December and January had became the peak time of HFMD. The pathogen detection was given priority to the intestinal pathogenic EV71 virus,account for 45. 42%,Cox A16 infection accounted for 19. 67%,other enterovirus infection accounted for 34. 92%. Conclusion HFMD in Hezhou is on the rise. There were significant differences on the occurrence of HFMD,age and gender,and the incidence of HFMD occurred in winter,with the incidence courses more complicated.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学分析 荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]