月球着陆探测值得关注的主要科学问题及着陆区选址建议  

Major scientific objectives and candidate landing sites suggested for future lunar explorations

作　　者：肖龙[1] 乔乐[1] 肖智勇[1] 黄倩[1] 何琦[1] 赵健楠[1] 薛竹青 黄俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)行星科学研究所,武汉430074

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2016年第2期3-24,共22页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:41373066;11403020);中国科学院重点部署项目(编号:KGZD-EW-603)资助

摘　　要：概要总结了以往探测活动取得的成果基础,梳理了月球地质学的部分主要问题,建议我国后续的着陆探测和采样返回应该重点关注以下科学和应用问题:深部月壳和月幔的组成、火山活动及热历史、月球早期及现今撞击通量、月核大小和月幔的结构、水及挥发分的分布、月壤和月尘的性质、月球资源和环境等.针对不同的科学问题和目标,着陆区的选择和探测对象的确定十分重要.在前人着陆区选址研究的基础上,本文提出和推荐了18个(背面和正面各5个,极区8个)备选着陆区,并简要分析了它们的地质特征和科学探测意义.This paper introduces several major objectives regarding lunar geosciences based on previous explorations and studies. We suggest that the following scientific objectives could be considered as a priority for China＇s future lunar missions： the composition of the deep crust and mantle, the young volcanic activity and thermal history of the Moon, the early and present lunar impact flux, the size of the core and the structure of the mantle, the distribution of water and other volatiles, the property of lunar regolith and dust, and potential lunar resource and environment. The selection of landing sites and targets is crucial which depends on the scientific question to be answered. In this study, 18 candidate landing sites, 5 on the nearside, 5 on the farside and 8 at the polar regions, have been recommended, and both their geologic background and scientific significance have been briefly addressed.

关 键 词：月球探测 着陆区 就位探测 采样返回 月球科学 

分 类 号：P184[天文地球—天文学]