黑火药的防潮改性技术研究  

Study on the Moisture-proof Modification Technology of Black Powder

作　　者：柳振江[1] 王保国[1] 赵文虎 康建成 陈晨[4] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学地下目标毁伤技术国防重点学科实验室 [2]北方特种能源集团有限公司西安庆华公司 [3]空军驻山西地区军事代表室 [4]中国人民解放军63850部队

出　　处：《火工品》2015年第6期32-36,共5页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

摘　　要：为解决黑火药在长期贮存中的吸湿问题,以虫胶为防潮剂,高导热石墨粉为导热剂和防潮剂,无水乙醇为虫胶的溶剂和黑火药的悬浮剂,采用溶剂蒸发法制备出防潮黑火药。研究了防潮剂含量和工艺条件对黑火药吸湿性的影响,并对防潮改性前后黑火药进行了性能测试。结果表明:防潮改性后黑火药的吸湿性比原料降低了38%,火焰感度和撞击感度分别比原料降低了8%和80%,而静电感度不变,并获得了制备防潮黑火药的最佳配方和工艺条件。In order to prevent the problem of black powder which is easy to be damped in the process of long term storage, the process of the solvent evaporation method was used to produce the moisture-proof black powder, which used shellac as moisture-proof coating agent, high thermal conductivity graphite powder as thermal conductive agent and moisture-proof coating agent, anhydrous ethanol as a solvent of shellac and suspending agent of black powder, meanwhile, influence effects of the content of moisture-proof agent and technological conditions on the moisture absorption of black powder were studied, then its moisture absorption and its main performances were tested. Test results show that its moisture absorption is reduced by about 38%, and its flame sensitivity and impact sensitivity are reduced by 8% and 80%, while its electrostatic sensitivity basically remain unchanged. The best technological conditions and moisture-proof formula of black powder preparation were also obtained.

关 键 词：黑火药 虫胶 高导热石墨 防潮改性 性能 

分 类 号：TQ562.1[化学工程—炸药化工]