蛋白酶体在精子获能和受精中的作用  

The roles of proteasome in sperm capacitation and fertilization

作　　者：王洋[1] 金一[1] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2016年第3期544-548,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：吉林省教育厅重点资助项目(2013-14);吉林省科技厅重点科技攻关资助项目(20150204079NY)

摘　　要：26S蛋白酶体是一个多亚基蛋白酶,在人、鼠、猪、牛、海鞘和棘皮动物受精研究中,表明它是一种特异性的靶蛋白。在研究哺乳和非哺乳动物物种受精过程中发现蛋白酶体的位置,蛋白酶体和精子移动有关,蛋白酶体与透明带(zona pellucida,ZP)结合促进顶体胞吐,精子泛素化和蛋白水解酶抑制剂有助于阻碍精子多精入卵,蛋白酶水解被抑制改变精子获能进程,精子表面结合腺苷三磷酸(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)的消耗阻碍猪和棘皮动物受精,蛋白酶体水解抑制剂阻碍精子穿过ZP,但是不改变哺乳动物精子和卵子结合的效率,不改变和精子有关的去泛素化活性和体外受精(in vitro fertilization,IVF)时单精受精和多精受精的平衡。总的来说26S蛋白酶体与人和动物受精的诸多事件有关,为精子和卵子结合机制的研究提供理论依据。The 26 Sproteasome is a multi-subunit protease specifically targeting ubiquitinated proteins.A consensus has emerged from studies by multiple laboratories on the role of sperm-borne proteasomes in human,mouse,pig,bovine,ascidian and echinoderm fertilization,major findings from the studies in various mammalian and non-mammalian fertilization systems find that the location of the proteasome,the relationship between proteasome and sperm mobility,combination of proteasome and zona pellucida promotes the acrosome exocytosis,ubiquitination and proteolysis inhibitor helps to prevent the occurrence of polyspermism,enzymatic hydrolysis inhibiting and changing the process of sperm capacitation,sperm surface ATP consumption prevents pigs and echinoderm fertilization,inhibitors of hydrolysis proteasome block the sperm pass through the zona pellucida,but without altering the combine efficiency of sperm and ovum in mammalian,and ubiquitination activity of sperm and balance betwween single sperm fertilization and polyspermy in vitro culture.In general,20 Sproteasome is related to many steps in human and animal fertilization,which provides many evidences for combintion between sperm and egg.

关 键 词：泛素化 受精 蛋白酶 顶体 透明带 

分 类 号：S814.4[农业科学—畜牧学]