西非Termit盆地白垩纪层序充填样式的时空演化规律研究  

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF THE CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCES AND BASIN FILLING PATTERNS IN THE TERMIT BASIN OF WEST AFRICA

作　　者：王振升[1] 汤戈[1] 苏俊青[1] 周淑慧[1] 刘爱平[1] 王芝尧[1] 杨冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大港油田公司勘探开发研究院,天津300280

出　　处：《地层学杂志》2016年第1期100-106,共7页Journal of Stratigraphy

基　　金：中石油"Agadem区块白垩系成藏规律研究及勘探目标优选"(No.CNPCNP/01/2014-0700)项目资助

摘　　要：Termit盆地是东尼日尔盆地中极为重要的中—新生代叠合型裂谷盆地,盆地油气资源丰富,具有多期构造演化、多种构造样式、多次沉积充填等特点,形成了极具特色的层序充填样式。以层序地层与沉积学基础理论为指导,结合盆地构造演化特征,系统开展了白垩纪层序地层充填样式研究,针对不同时期盆缘古地貌背景的演变,系统总结出5种层序充填样式。研究表明,盆地宏观上经历了三大构造演化阶段,形成了多种盆缘古地貌背景,发育了5种典型的层序构成样式:早白垩世TS1层序沉积期受断裂活动控制,发育断控陡坡带和多级断阶带两种层序充填样式;晚白垩世TS2沉积期受特提斯洋和南大西洋海侵影响,沉积古环境经历了"陆—海—陆"演变,发育挠曲坡折带、简单坡折带及沉积坡折带3种充填样式。层序充填样式的差异控制了沉积体系与砂体空间展布特征,进而影响了砂体的平面分布和空间堆积样式,从而控制了油气运聚富集条件。因此,层序充填样式演化规律分析对于研究下步岩性油气藏勘探具有重要指导意义。The Termit Basin is a Meso-Cenozoic rift basin located in eastern Niger.It is an important sedimentary basin with abundant petroleum resources.The sedimentary sequences and basin filling history of the Termit Basin are complex because of the multi-phase tectonic control,various tectonic styles and multiple sedimentary processes.With the application of sequence stratigraphy,the Cretaceous sedimentary history and basin filling patterns of the Termit Basin were analyzed.The results show that there are three major tectonic evolution phases,various geomorphological backgrounds in basin edge,and five basin filling patterns.The development of the Early Cretaceous sequence TS1 was controlled by fault activities,with two basin filling patterns in fault-controlled steep slopes and multilevel fault terrace zones.On the other hand,the development of the Late Cretaceous sequence TS2 was influenced by the transgression in the Tethys and southern Atlantic oceans,with three basin filling patterns in flexure slope-breaks,sedimentary slope-breaks,and simple slopes.These features of sedimentary systems and the spatial and temporal distribution of sand bodies were controlled by the diversity of basin filling mechanisms.This research has implications for the petroleum exploration in the Termit Basin.

关 键 词：资源地层 层序地层 层序充填样式 白垩系 Termit盆地 西非 

分 类 号：P539[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P539.2[天文地球—地质学]