基于遥感图像分析对金错冰川湖溃决泥石流事件的验证  

Verification of glacial lake outburst debris flow events in Jincuo Lake of Tibet based on remote sensing image analysis

作　　者：郭兆成[1] 童立强[1] 周成灿 赵振远 

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083 [2]西藏自治区地质环境监测总站,拉萨850000

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2016年第1期152-158,共7页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"典型冰湖溃决泥石流调查"(编号:12120113010700)资助

摘　　要：突发冰川终碛湖(简称"冰湖")溃决泥石流/洪水是西藏高山冰湖分布区的一种山地灾害,极易给下游地区的居民及公路、桥梁、水利水电等基础设施带来毁灭性灾害。多年来,对冰湖溃决泥石流/洪水的研究受到了高度重视;但高山高寒和艰险的地形及交通条件,给冰湖溃决泥石流灾害的实地调查带来不便,大部分冰湖溃决缺乏实时的文献记载资料,而灾后访问资料经常会与实际情况有出入。遥感图像可真实记录冰湖溃决泥石流的形态、位置和发生时间等相关痕迹。因此,利用高空间分辨率Rapid Eye和多时相Landsat MSS,TM图像,对吕儒仁、程尊兰等学者报导的"1982年发生在定结县的冰湖溃决泥石流事件"进行了验证。通过对覆盖金错和印达普错的高分辨率遥感图像解译和灾害发生前后的遥感动态变化分析,认为有关文献记载的"金错冰湖溃决泥石流事件"实际上是印达普错溃决泥石流事件。野外调查发现金错的终碛垄较为完整,其下游部位没有发现大型U型溃口和冲沟,终碛垄下游也未见新泥石流堆积体。研究结果表明,对高分辨率、多时相遥感图像的解译能够有效地提高艰险地区地质灾害调查的准确性。In mountainous areas of Tibet,glacial lake outburst debris flow is one of the main disasters,bringing devastating destruction to downstream settlements and infrastructures,such as roads,bridges and water facilities.Glacial lake outburst debris flow has long drawn great attention; nevertheless,because of the cold climate,steep terrain and terrible traffic condition which bring inconvenience to field investigation,very insufficient real- time literature data or some records inconsistent with the facts have been obtained for most of the glacial lake outburst events. Remote sensing images can really record the traces related to glacial lake outburst debris flow. Based on the high spatial resolution images of Rapid Eye and the multi- temporal images of Landsat MSS and TM,the authors analyzed the glacial lake outburst debris flow event that occurred in 1982 in Dinggye County,Tibet,which was reported by Lyu Ruren and Cheng Zunlan et al. Through remote sensing interpretation and analysis of dynamic changes of the glacial lake outburst debris flow event,the authors hold that the ＂ Jincuo Lake outburst debris flow event＂ was actually induced by Yindapucuo Lake outburst. In the field investigation the authors found that Jincuo moraine was not destroyed by debris flow,and there was neither large U- type gully nor new debris flow accumulation settled in its downstream site,which confirmed the analysis of remote sensing. The results show that high resolution and multi- temporal remote sensing images can effectively improve the accuracy of investigation for geological hazards in dangerous areas.

关 键 词：冰川湖溃决泥石流 遥感图像 解译标志 影像特征 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]