单端输入多端输出的纵振动转换体的研究  

Investigation of a converter of longitudinal vibration with single-input and multi-outputs

作　　者：贺西平[1] 张海岛[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院,陕西省超声学重点实验室,西安710119

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2016年第3期17-25,共9页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:11374201)

摘　　要：传统的超声振动系统一般为一个换能器连接一套变幅杆(或还有工具头),产生沿长度方向上的伸缩振动,这就意味着一套超声振动系统只能加工、处理一个对象,不利于生产效率的提高.本文提出单端输入多端输出的纵振动转换体,由一个输入杆、纵振动变换器、多个输出杆组成.利用振动转换体输入杆、输出各杆两端面的自由边界条件,以及输入杆与变换器、变换器与输出杆连接处振动质元的纵向力、横向力、弯矩与转角连续条件,推导出了设计振动转换体的频率方程,对转换体的纵振动谐振频率进行了计算,与有限元法和实验测试值基本吻合.将振动转换体与纵振频率为19.80 k Hz的换能器相连接,激光测振仪测试了复合振动系统的纵振谐振频率和谐振频率处各输出杆的振型.结果表明,各输出杆端面为活塞振动.换能器若连接本文提出的纵振动转换体,可以实现纵振动的多端输出,处理多个工作对象.文中分析了实现纵振动的转换原理,并通过计算得到了纵振动转换体的谐振频率与各振动部件的几何参数、角度的关系.Traditional ultrasonic vibration system is basically composed of a transducer and a horn（or and a tool head）, usually, resonating in length-extensional mode. It means a set of ultrasonic vibration system can only machine or process one object, and may be not conducive to the improvement of production efficiency. In this work, a converter of longitudinal vibration with single-input and multi-outputs is proposed, which is composed of an input rod, a converter of longitudinal vibration, and several output rods. The frequency equation is derived using free boundary conditions at the input end of the single-input rod and the output ends of the multi-output rods, as well as the continuity of displacements, forces, bending moments and angles of rotation at the junction of the input rod and the converter, and at the junction of the converter and the multi-output rods. The resonant frequencies of some fabricated converters of longitudinal vibration with different geometrical dimensions are calculated using the proposed method, and basically agree with the values by finite element method, and are validated by experiment with Vibpilot vibration test system. Joining the fabricated converters of longitudinal vibration to a piezoelectric transducer with resonant frequency of 19.80 k Hz, the resonant frequencies of the longitudinal vibration systems and the vibration mode shapes of the multi-output rods are tested by Polytec PSV-400 Scanning Vibrometer. It shows that the end surface of each output rod in piston vibration can be obtained, and if connection of a transducer to the proposed converters of longitudinal vibration can change single-input into multi-outputs and may machine or process multiple objects. The conversion principle of longitudinal vibration is analyzed, and the relationships between the resonant frequency and each geometrical dimension and the angle are obtained. In this paper, the conversion principle of longitudinal vibration is analyzed, and the relationship between the resonant frequency and the geome

关 键 词：纵振动转换体 单端输入 多端输出 谐振频率 振型 

分 类 号：O32[理学—一般力学与力学基础]