土荆芥挥发油经挥发途径诱导蚕豆根尖细胞遗传损伤的研究  

Genetic Damage of Root Tip Cells of Vicia faba Induced by Volatile Oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides via Volatilization

作　　者：王煜[1,2] 胡琬君[3] 王亚男[1,2] 张红[1,2] 马丹炜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学生命科学学院,四川成都610101 [2]四川师范大学细胞生物学研究室,四川成都610101 [3]东南大学生物科学与医学工程学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第2期276-280,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(31370549);四川省教育厅重点项目(13ZA0143;13ZA0144);四川省教育厅一般项目(15ZB0025)

摘　　要：采用培养皿滤纸法,模拟土荆芥通过挥发途径的化感作用,探讨了土荆芥挥发油对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传损伤效应。结果表明:1在土荆芥挥发油化感胁迫下,蚕豆幼根长度及根尖细胞有丝分裂指数均显著下降(P<0.05),并在一定范围内与挥发油处理时间和剂量均呈负相关(P<0.05)。2中、后、末期细胞在有丝分裂细胞中的比例增加,而前期细胞比例减少,表明挥发油可延滞细胞分裂过程。3根尖细胞微核率在挥发油剂量为5μl时,与处理时间呈正相关(P<0.05);处理时间为24、48 h,处理剂量小于15μl时,与处理剂量呈正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,土荆芥可通过挥发途径释放化感物质,诱导周围植物发生细胞损伤和遗传毒害,抑制其幼根生长,从而排挤附近植物,在竞争中取胜。The genetic damages of reot tip cells of bread bean（ Vicia faba L. ） induced by volatile oil from Chenopodhtm ambrosioides via vol- atilization were studied using filter paper culture methods. The results showed that： （i）The radicle length and root tip cells mitosis index of broad bean were negatively correlated with the treatment time and dose of the volatile oil in a specific range（ P 〈 0.05）. （ii） The proportion of metaphase, anaphase and tclophase cells to mitosis cells was increased while the proportion of prophase cells was decreased, showing that volatile oil from C. ambrosioides delayed mitosis process of root tip cells of broad bean. （iii）When the volatile oil was 5 μl, the root tip cell mieronueleus frequency of bread bean were positively correlated to treatment time（P 〈 0.05） ; When the volatile oil was less than 15 μl, the micronuclcus frequeney were positively correlated to treatment dose（P 〈 0.05 ）. These results suggested that C. ambrosioides could release volatile oil into environment via volatilization, induce cell injury and genetic damage, to inhibit the growth of radicle, thereby win in the competition with neighboring plants.

关 键 词：土荆芥 挥发油 根尖细胞 遗传损伤 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]