2个生态区不同成熟度烟叶生理生化指标的研究  

Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Tobacco Leaves with Different Maturity in Two Ecological Regions

作　　者：廖孔凤 徐兴阳[2] 代瑾然[1] 吴永明[2] 陈穗云[1] 端永明[2] 秦春丽 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司烟叶生产技术中心,云南昆明650051 [3]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司寻甸分公司,云南寻甸655200

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第2期281-287,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司资助项目(2013YN17)

摘　　要：探索烤烟品种红花大金元各个部位烟叶的生理成熟度变化,可为判断最佳成熟度档次,指导田间烟叶科学采收、进一步提高烟叶品质提供依据。试验对昆明2个生态区进行了对比研究,探索不同部位、不同成熟度田间鲜烟叶的4项生理生化指标的变化趋势。结果表明,从不同成熟度档次来看,随着烟叶成熟档次的上升,寻甸和石林两地烟叶中硝酸还原酶活性、色素含量和总氮含量呈下降趋势,淀粉酶活性均呈上升的趋势,这些指标可以作为两地判别成熟度档次的主要依据;在不同部位的烟叶中,硝酸还原酶活性两地均表现为中部烟叶含量最高,下部和上部相当;两地烟叶的色素含量均表现为下部烟叶含量最高,中部略高于上部,色素含量的变化规律稳定;但是随着采收部位上升淀粉酶活性和总氮含量在两地的变化规律不尽相同。综合分析表明,中部烟叶的生理状态最好,最适宜采收的成熟度档次应为M3和M4,其次为M2和M5,最差是M1。To explore the changes of the physiological maturity of flue-cured tobacco of Honghuadajinyuan leaves from various parts can pro- vide the basis for judging the best maturity level, guiding the scientific harvest of tobacco leaves in the field and further improving the quality of tobacco leaves. In the present paper a comparative study of the two ecological zones in Kunming was carried out. The results showed that： from the view of different maturity levels, with the rise of tobacco mature level, nitrate reductase activity, pigment content and total nitrogen content were decreased, but amylase activity was increased in Xundian and Shilin areas. These indicators can be used as the main basis for determining the leave maturity in the two areas. In different parts of tobacco leaves from two areas, nitrate reductase activity showed the high- est content in middle part of tobacco, but the values of lower part and upper part of tobacco leaves were very close. The pigment content of lower part of tobacco leaves was the highest, and the middle part was slightly higher than the upper parts, and the change of pigment content was stable. The changes of amylase activity content and total nitrogen content were different in the two places. Comprehensive analysis showed that the physiological state of the middle part of tobacco leaves was the best. Optimum harvest maturity level should be M3 and M4, followed by M2 and MS, and the worst was M1.

关 键 词：红花大金元 生态区 成熟度 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]