粉状毕赤酵母NGH的氨氮降解特性及除氨效果研究  

Isolation and Characterization of an NH_4^+-N Degrading Bacterium Pichia Farinosa NGH for NH_3 Reduction from Chicken Manure

作　　者：刘志云[1] 刘国华[1] 谢庆[2] 蔡辉益[1] 张姝[1] 常文环[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,北京10008 [2]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第3期43-49,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD26B03);现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队项目

摘　　要：从鸡粪中分离筛选出一株具有氨氮去除能力的菌株,经形态学观察、分子生物学方法和生物化学法鉴定,表明菌株为粉状毕赤酵母(Pichia farinosa),命名为Pichia farinose NGH。通过调整培养条件,研究菌株的最佳生长温度、pH,最佳降解碳源、C/N,以及菌株对不同初始氨氮浓度的耐受性。结果表明:菌株NGH可在20~35℃、pH为3~7条件下生长良好,当碳源为葡萄糖、碳氮质量比为20时氨氮降解效果最佳。菌株NGH对高浓度的氨氮具有很强的耐受性,能够耐受浓度范围为100~1 200mg/L的氨氮。将菌株NGH的菌悬液接种于肉鸡粪便后,可抑制鸡粪氨气的排放,最高抑制率可达到25.52%。表明菌株NGH在污水处理、控制粪便氨气排放等领域具有一定的应用潜力。Strain NGH with the ability of ammonium degradation was isolated from chicken manure.It was identified as Pichia farinosa according to its morphology,physiological and biochemical identification and 18 SrDNA sequence.The optimum degradation conditions of the strain were conducted.And the effect of strain NGH on ammonia emissions from chicken manure was analyzed.The results show that the optimal conditions for the growth and ammonium degradation of strain NGH are pH 3.0~7.0,30~35 ℃,glucose as carbon source and C/N 10.Strain NGH can play an efficient role in ammonium degrading at various initial ammonium concentrations from 100mg/L to 1 200mg/L.The concentration of ammonia emissions from chicken manure with strain NGH is lower than that in control group and the maximum inhibition rate is 25.52%.It is concluded that strain NGH has good performance in both ammonium removal and ammonia emission reduction from chicken manure.

关 键 词：粉状毕赤酵母 氨氮降解 除氨效果 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]