汽车驾驶愤怒研究进展  

Progress in research on motorists' driving anger

作　　者：冯忠祥[1] 雷叶维 张卫华[1] 王锟[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学交通运输工程学院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2016年第1期15-21,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51308177;51578207);安徽省自然科学基金资助(1408085MG137);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助(20120111120021)

摘　　要：为全面认识驾驶人在愤怒情绪影响下的驾驶特征,回顾、分析了国内外学者在驾驶愤怒与攻击性驾驶的关系、驾驶愤怒影响因素、量表开发与应用及驾驶愤怒相关干预措施的实施等4个方面的研究成果。结果表明:驾驶愤怒的诱发受人口学、心理和环境因素的共同影响,驾驶愤怒在某种程度上会导致攻击性驾驶。驾驶愤怒量表(DAS)、驾驶愤怒表达量表(DAX)和驾驶愤怒倾向量表(PADS)被广泛用于驾驶愤怒的测量,用多种心理训练对驾驶人进行愤怒干预,尽管有一定的效果,但干预对象和方法均较为单一。总体上,众多学者使用相关问卷研究了驾驶人从愤怒情绪的诱发到表达的整个过程,并通过驾驶愤怒预测风险驾驶行为特征,研究内容不断丰富和完善,方法不断创新;对于如何有效减少或避免驾驶愤怒对交通安全的影响,未来应从驾驶人文化背景、交通模式、结合生理和心理特性的干预方法等方面重点考虑。In order to fully recognize drivers＇ driving characteristics under the influence of driving anger,related researches done abroad and home were reviewed. Achievements in the researches were analyzed and summarized from four aspects： the relationship between anger and aggressive driving,the relevant factors affecting driving anger,the development and application of driving anger related scales and corresponding intervention measures. The results show that driving anger is induced by combined effects of demographic,psychological and environment factors,that in some extent driving anger can lead to aggressive driving,that DAS,DAX and PADS are widely used to measure driving anger,and that various psychological training methods have already been used to help drivers control driving anger,but the trainees and methods are relatively simple. Overall,many scholars have researched on the whole process from provoking to expressing anger for drivers by using relevant scales,and used driving anger to predict drivers＇ behaviors characteristics of risky driving. Research contents are increasingly rich and perfect,and the methods are scientific and innovative. However,as to effectively reduce or avoid the influences of driving anger on traffic safety,driver ＇s cultural background,traffic modes,and intervention method combining physiological and psychological characteristics should be considered seriously among others in the future.

关 键 词：交通安全 驾驶愤怒 驾驶愤怒干预 驾驶人 行车安全 

分 类 号：X910[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]