航空煤油小尺度池火燃烧规律及火焰结构研究  

Research on combustion law and flame structure of small scale aviation kerosene pool fire

作　　者：蒋新生[1] 徐建楠[1] 冯军[1] 翟琰[1] 

机构地区：[1]后勤工程学院军事供油工程系

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2016年第1期64-68,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51574254);"863"计划项目(2012aa7013037);重庆市科技计划项目(CSTC2014yykf B90001);火灾与爆炸安全防护重庆市重点实验室建设项目(CSTC 2010CA0005)

摘　　要：为分析油池火灾发展的一般规律,利用小尺度池火燃烧特性试验系统,对航空煤油池火的宏观和微观特性进行试验研究,重点分析质量燃烧速率、火焰涡流结构和火焰温度的变化规律。结果表明：燃烧速率方面,油品质量随时间近似呈线性变化,瞬时燃烧速率作为时间的函数分为5个阶段,火灾的有效防控必须放在初期;涡流结构方面,不同燃烧阶段火焰涡流结构的明显程度不同,与燃烧剧烈程度成反比关系,计算出涡流结构产生频率为4-5 Hz,其产生的原因是油品蒸发、燃烧流动与火焰浮力耦合作用的影响;火焰温度方面,就整个燃烧过程而言,竖直方向轴线上火焰下部温度明显高于上部,水平方向上火焰中心与火焰边缘未燃区之间温差随高度不同而差别较大。To analyze the general law of the development of oil pool fire,experiments were done on aviation kerosene using an experimental system. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of aviation kerosene pool fire were studied. The mass burning rate,flame vortex structure and flame temperature were focused on. The results are as follows. As for burning rate,the curve of instantaneous burning rate as a function of time in divided into five stages while the mass of oil varies linearly with time,and effective prevention and control of fire should be implemented early. As for flame vortex structure,whose producing frequency ranges from 4 to 5 Hz,the apparent degree of vortex structure at different combustion stages is different and is in inverse proportion to burning intensity,the reason of which is the coupling effect of oil evaporation,combustion flow and flame buoyancy. As for flame temperature,temperature of the upper part of the flame is obviously higher than that of the lower part for the whole combustion process,and the temperature difference between the flame center and the edge of flame is affected greatly by the height.

关 键 词：油池火灾 燃烧速率 涡流结构 火焰温度 热辐射 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]