白鹤滩水电站坝肩以上边坡开挖爆破负面效应控制  

Negative Effects Controlling of Blasting Excavation of Slope above Abutment of Baihetan Hydropower Station

作　　者：周天刚[1] 严鹏[2] 郭增光[1] 胡念初 张玉柱[2] 刘亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团公司白鹤滩工程建设部,北京100000 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《爆破》2016年第1期124-130,共7页Blasting

基　　金：国家973计划项目(No.2011CB013501);国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(No.51125037);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.51179138);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助(2014206020202)

摘　　要：白鹤滩水电站坝肩以上边坡爆破开挖横跨云、川两省,规模大,历时较长,对周边民房及群众的生产生活存在一定影响。通过对爆破振动、噪声的长期跟踪监测,划定了爆区周围不同影响程度的范围,并建议了爆破振动、噪声、飞石及粉尘等负面效应控制措施,保证工程建设能顺利进行。监测结果表明：可将左右两岸爆心距200 m范围定义为轻微影响区,而200~300 m范围定义为临界影响区,300 m以外为无影响区,并基于此影响区反推爆破最大单响药量、同时采取严控统一起爆时间、减少晚间爆破作业、大面积洒水降尘、炮孔孔口覆盖砂袋减少噪声等措施降低对周围民房的影响。The Baihetan hydropower station stretches across Yunnan and Sichuan province,and the large-scale blasting excavation of the slope above abutment may affect the surrounding civil buildings and the resident nearby.The scope of different degrees of blasting influence is delimited by long-term follow-up monitoring of blast vibration and noise,and the control measures of the negative effects,such as blast vibration,noise,flying stone and dust,are needed to ensure the project construction smoothly. Results from the monitoring data show that the scope of less than200 m to the explosion center could be defined as slight influence area,and the scope of 200 ~ 300 m near to the explosion center can be defined as critical influence area and the scope beyond 300 m could be defined as none influence area. Based on the influence areas,the biggest single dose is deduced and other control measures,such as taking strict controlled unified initiation time,reducing the evening blasting operation,reducing dust by large area of water spraying,covering sandbag over the borehole to reduce noise,were used to reduce the negative effects to the surrounding civil buildings.

关 键 词：白鹤滩水电站 爆破 民房 负面效应 

分 类 号：TV542[水利工程—水利水电工程]