镉对孕鼠的生殖毒性作用  

Toxic effect of cadmium on reproduction of pregnant rats

作　　者：马合红[1] 张俊峰[1] 杨双燕[1] 王海英 郑新英 徐晓义 

机构地区：[1]沧州市中心医院,河北沧州061000 [2]河北黄骅博爱医院,河北黄骅061100 [3]内蒙古多伦县妇幼保健院,内蒙古多伦027300

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2016年第6期1277-1279,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的探讨镉对孕鼠的生殖毒性作用。方法将受孕Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠40只随机分为氯化镉组(Cd组)和对照组(C组)各20只。Cd组每天饮用含40 mg/L氯化镉的水,C组饮用等量蒸馏水;两组每天均喂食普通饲料。1取20 d的孕鼠麻醉后心脏取血测定血清镉(Cd),并取胎盘组织冷冻保存测其中镉含量。2取20 d的孕鼠麻醉后立即剖宫取出胎盘组织,较小块约1 mm3置于4%戊二醛固定送电镜观察胎盘的超微结构;较大块(3 mm×3 mm)用10%甲醛液固定,制备石蜡切片,用免疫组化方法通过图像分析检测胎盘组织中e-NOS、AKP的平均光密度(AOD)用于了解胎盘组织中酶活性的变化。结果与C组(0.19±0.02,0.02±0.01)相比,Cd组孕鼠血清镉含量(0.23±0.04)、胎盘镉含量(0.12±0.03)升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与C组相比,Cd组孕鼠胎盘电镜下观察显示细胞结构被破坏;免疫组化结果分析Cd组孕鼠胎盘e-NOS、AKP的AOD较C组低,阳性反应差,其中酶的含量减低。结论镉可以对哺乳动物产生生殖毒性,镉接触是妊娠中的一个危险因子。Objective To explore the toxic effect of cadmium on reproduction of pregnant rats. Methods Forty pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into cadmium chloride group（ Cd group） and control group（ C group）,20 rats in each group. The rats in Cd group were fed with water containing 40 mg / L cadmium chloride and common feedstuff,while the rats in C group were fed with water of the same volume and common feedstuff. The pregnant rats were anaesthetized after 20 days,then cardiac blood samples were obtained to detect serum cadmium levels,placental tissue samples were cryopreserved,then the levels of cadmium were detected. The placental tissue samples（ 1 mm3）were fixed by 4% glutaraldehyde,then placental ultramicrostructure was observed under electron microscope; while placental tissue samples（ 3 mm×3 mm） were fixed by 10% formaldehyde solution to prepare paraffin sections. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect average optical density（ AOD） of e-NOS and AKP in placenta,the changes of enzymatic activity in placenta were analyzed. Results Compared with C group（ 0. 19±0. 02,0. 02±0. 01）,serum and placental cadmium contents in pregnant rats in Cd group were（ 0. 23±0. 04） and（ 0. 12±0. 03）,respectively,there was statistically significant difference（ P〈0.05）. Compared with C group,placental cell structure was damaged under electron microscope; immunohistochemical assay showed that AOD values of placental e- NOS and AKP in Cd group were lower than those in C group,the positive reaction was poor,and the contents of enzymes were low. Conclusion Cadmium has toxic effect on production of mammals,exposure to cadmium is one of risk factors of pregnancy.

关 键 词：镉 孕鼠 生殖毒性 胎盘组织 

分 类 号：R715[医药卫生—妇产科学]