夏季降雨对大气污染物的清除影响  

Scavenging of rainfall on air pollutants in summer

作　　者：刘星[1] 黄虹[1] 左嘉 邹长伟[1] 邹友琴[1] 黄业星 赵国登 陈倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌市环境监测站,江西南昌330038

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2016年第3期20-24,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41265009);江西省重大科研专项计划(No.20124ABE02104)

摘　　要：从南昌市环境监测站获取大气中主要污染物浓度,降雨量由APS-3A型降雨降尘自动采样器实际监测得到,分析了南昌市新城区2014年夏季降雨对大气污染物浓度的影响。结果表明：（1）中强降雨（日降雨量≥10 mm）对大气中的SO_2、PM_（10）和PM_（2.5）都有明显的清除效果,对SO_2、PM_（10）和PM_（2.5）的清除效率分别为14.3%～50.0%、20.2%～68.8%、20.0%～74.0%;〉1～〈10mm的降雨对SO_2、PM_（10）和PM_（2.5）也有一定的清除效果;≤1mm的降雨,对PM_（10）具有清除作用,但清除效率较低（2.3%～23.2%）,而对SO_2和PM_（2.5）清除效果不明显。降雨量对NO_2的浓度变化影响不大。（2）降雨对大气污染物的清除效率受降雨前污染物本底浓度的影响,污染物本底浓度很低时甚至会出现反弹现象。（3）降雨对污染物的清除效率除了受降雨量的影响外,其降雨场数和降雨累积时间对其也有一定的影响。Mass concentration data of major air pollutants was obtained from Nanchang environmental monito- ring station. Rainfall data over the same period was collected by APS-3A automatic sampler. The effects of rainfall on air pollutants in the new district of Nanchang in summer 2014 were analyzed. The results showed that： （1） the rainfall of medium strength （≥10 mm） had obvious scavenging effects on SO2 ,PM10 and PM2.5 （SO2：14.3%-50.0% ,PM10 ： 20.2%-68.8% ,PM2.5 ：20.0%-74.0%）. The rainfall with 1-10 mm/day precipitation had a certain scavenging effects on SO2 ,PM10 and PM2.5. The rainfall was less than 1 mm/day, the precipitation had scavenging effects on PM10 （2.3 %- 23.2 %）,and had few scavenging effects on SO2 and PM2.5. The effects of rainfall on the concentrations of NO2 were less visible. （2） The rainfall had no significant effects on the removal of low concentration pollutants in the air. The pollutants concentration was very low, there would be a rebound phenomenon. （3） The removal of pollutants had been effected by frequency of rainfall throughout a day and cumulative time of rainfall.

关 键 词：降雨 清除 SO2 NO2 PM10 PM2.5 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]