地域审美视角与六朝文学之“江南”意象的历史生成  

Perspectives of Regional Aesthetics and the Historical Formation of the Image of Jiangnan in Literature of Six Dynasties

作　　者：葛永海[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院、江南文化研究中心,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《学术月刊》2016年第3期90-103,共14页Academic Monthly

摘　　要："江南"之所以成为一个在中国文化中意象具足、并被广泛接受的特定概念,除了其突出的经济文化地位外,更是历代文人对于"江南"不断文学化、意象化的结果。先秦以来的进贡制度凸现了中原权力中心对于各地方物的觊觎与索取,使得江南方物开始进入人们的视野,此为"江南"之成为"江南意象"的历史前提。随着江南方物不断进入文献视野,在文学领域出现了江南方物的意象化。六朝时期,前后两次南方文人入北的空间移动,不断凸显与强化了"江南"审美视角,美学范畴的"江南"意象发生两方面的变化:一是审美姿态从被动审美变为主动审美;二是审美对象从方物逐步转向山水。引发文化中心南移的晋室南渡,乃是江南意象发展演变的重要分野,它为后者带来了美学姿态和文化心理的双重变换。江南审美视角的不断强化与"江南认同"的渐趋成型,是江南意象历史生成的决定性因素。The reason why Jiangnan becomes a specialized and widely accepted conception that full of concrete and symbolic meanings in Chinese culture is not only its prominent economic and cultural position, but there are generations of literati who have managed to build up a stronger relationship between the conception and literature and imagery. This paper is going to talk about the historical formation of the image of Jiangnan in literature of Six Dynasties through the perspective of regional aesthetics. The contribution system from Pre-Qin period highlights the truth that the power center has exploited the ruling areas, which makes specialties in Jiangnan area become more notable for people. And this is the historical precondition that Jiangnan turned out to be a kind of image rather than a simple geographical name. Then there is an imagery process of Jiangnan in the literary field with the specialties in Jiangnan showing up in the literatures constantly. Twice southern literati＇s migrations to northern areas during the Six Dynasties highlight and strengthen the perspective of regional aesthetics constantly, which also make the image of Jiangnan within aesthetics category change in two aspects. Firstly, the patterns of aesthetic activities have transformed into a more positive one. Secondly, it is the landscape rather than the specialty that becomes the main aesthetic object. The migration of the Jin court to southern areas, which causes the transition of cultural center as well, is quite an important boundary of the evolution process of the image of Jiangnan, because it is the explanation for the double changes mentioned above （i.e. the patterns of aesthetic activities and cultural psychology）. The unceasing reinforcement of perspective of regional aesthetics and the gradually settled agreement about the conception of Jiangnan are two decisive factors of the historical formation of the image of Jiangnan.

关 键 词：地域审美视角 六朝文学 江南意象 历史生成 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]