滇南春季一次强对流风暴系统特征及成因  

On features and formation causes of a severe convective storm system of spring in the South Yunnan

作　　者：张腾飞 张杰 尹丽云 谢屹然[3] 朱莉[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省人工影响天气中心,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省气象信息中心,云南昆明650034 [3]云南省气象台,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期245-255,共11页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41265001;41305002);云南省科技惠民计划(2014RA002);云南省科技计划(2015FB166)

摘　　要：利用普洱3830/CC多普勒天气雷达、云南闪电定位系统和Micaps客观分析场等资料,对2007年4月6—7日滇南强对流风暴系统进行分析.结果表明:高低空低槽切变线相互配合、南支锋前偏西急流的耦合作用及中高层干冷、低层暖湿的大气垂直结构为强对流风暴提供水汽、热力、对流不稳定和动力条件;垂直风切变和中低层中尺度径向辐合有利于倾斜入流上升气流加强和超级单体发展,超级单体风暴强度达60 d Bz、顶高超过12 km、50 d Bz强回波高度超过7.5 km,具有后侧"V"槽口回波、前侧"V"缺口、弱回波区、阵风锋回波、钩状回波、中气旋、中尺度径向辐合、回波墙、假尖顶回波、悬挂回波等特征,产生大风冰雹等灾害性天气,对应着正地闪发生;飑线具有中尺度辐合和径向大风等特征,但各部位对流回波发展不均匀,具有倾斜结构的对流云体发展强烈,形成超级单体,产生冰雹大风等强烈灾害天气,导致高层正电荷区暴露出来而对应正地闪发生,而具有垂直结构的对流云体,对流发展相对弱一些,产生短时强降水天气,主负电荷区遮挡高层正电荷区而对应负地闪发生.Based on 3830 / CC Doppler weather radar data in Puer,a city in Yunnan,and lightning detection system data and Micaps objective analysis data,severe convective storm systems in South Yunnan have been analyzed on 6th and on 7th in April 2007.The results show that cooperation of trough and shear line from the upper to the low layer,coupling action of partial west jet current,and vertical structure of dry and cold atmosphere on the middle-upper layer and warm and wet atmosphere on the low layer supply vapor,thermal,convectively unstable and dynamical conditions for severe convective storm systems. Vertical wind shear and MARC on the middle and low layer are favorable to declining ingoing updraft enhancement and supercell development,whose reflectivity is ≥60 d Bz,Echo Top-ET is ≥12 km,and height of strong reflectivity（ ≥50 d Bz） is ≥7.5 km.The Supercell presents many features of rear-notch echo,front-flank notch,WER（ BWER）,gust echo,hook echo,maxmesocyclone,MARC,echo wall,spire echo and overhang echo,which results in disaster weather of gale and hail and positive cloud-ground flashes（ ＋CG）.The Squall line has features of mesoscale convergence and radial gale,but convective echoes develop differently in its various position,where convective clouds with declining structure develop intensively to form Supercell,bring about disaster weather of gale and hail,and lead to positive charge field exposure on the upper layer and positive cloud-ground flashes（ ＋CG） appearance,and where convective clouds with vertical structure develop correspondingly infirmly,produce short-time severe precipitation,and lead to that positive charge field on the upper layer is blocked by major negative charge field bellow and negative cloud-ground flashes（-CG） happen.

关 键 词：强对流风暴 多普勒雷达回波 地闪 中尺度特征 成因 滇南 

分 类 号：P427.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P446