3种不同倍性滇山茶的耐寒性研究  

A study on cold resistance in diploid,tetraploid and hexaploid of Camellia reticulata(Theaceae)

作　　者：杨桂英[1,2] 何瀚 曹子林[1] 符春琼 杨时宇[4] 王兵益[4] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,云南玉溪653100 [3]昆明市园林科研所山茶繁育中心,云南昆明650224 [4]中国林业科学院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期335-343,共9页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：云南省教育厅科研项目(2015Y296;2012C094);云南省高校优势特色重点学科(生态学)建设项目

摘　　要：为了解3个不同倍性的滇山茶在耐寒适应上的差异以及耐寒性与叶片解剖结构间的关系,通过测定二倍体、四倍体和六倍体6个居群的相对电导率(REC),并拟合Logistic曲线推导出半致死温度(LT50),来评价3个倍性的耐寒性水平;另外采用石蜡切片技术和电镜扫描技术对叶片解剖结构指标进行观测,并将其与REC、LT50进行相关性分析.结果显示:四倍体XC和HD居群的半致死温度(LT50)均较二倍体和六倍体低,六倍体YY的LT50较二倍体ZY高,但低于YB和SB居群,耐寒性并未表现出随倍性增加而增强的趋势,但总体呈现四倍体耐寒性大于二倍体和六倍体的规律;12项叶片解剖结构指标在不同倍性居群间绝大多数表现出极显著的差异,上下表皮厚度(TUE、TLE)与-4^-12℃的REC及LT50呈极显著的负相关,气孔密度(SD)与之呈显著正相关,可将TUE、TLE和SD作为评价不同倍性耐寒性的形态指标.研究结果可为滇山茶的定向育种提供理论支持.In order to understand the difference in cold adaptation and the relationship between leaf structure and cold resistance of diploid,tetraploid and hexaploid of Camellia reticulata,6 populations under low temperature stress were investigated by measuring relative electrical conductivity（ REC） and semilethal temperature（ LT50） by Logistic Equation.Leaf anatomical structure was observed by paraffin method and scanning electron microscopy.The correlation between physiological indexes（ REC LT50） and anatomical structure indexes was analyzed.The results showed： 1 LT50 of the populationsof tetraploid（ XC,HD） was lower than that of diploid andhexaploid,and LT50 of hexaploid YY was higher than diploid ZY,but lower than YB and SB. The cold resistancedid not show an increasing tendency by ploidy levels,and in the overall view,the tetraploid populations showed greater cold resistance than that of the diploid and hexaploid; 2 12 indices of the leaf anatomical structure showed a very significant difference in between the 6 populations.The thickness of upper and lower epidermis（ TUE,TLE） was negatively correlated with-4 ℃—-12 ℃ REC and LT50,and the stomatal density（ SD） was positively correlated.It is concluded that the TUE,TLE and SD could be used as morphological indices to evaluate the cold resistance of populations at different ploidy levels. The results provide theoretical support for the directional breeding of Camellia reticulate.

关 键 词：滇山茶 倍性 相对电导率 半致死温度 叶解剖结构 耐寒性 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]