中青年铝作业工人认知记忆功能评价研究  被引量:25

Cognitive and memory function evaluation on young and middle-aged workers occupationally exposed to aluminum

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作  者:任佩[1] 李瑞[1] 樊瑾[1] 原宇宙 牛侨[1] 

机构地区:[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室,山西太原030001

出  处:《中国职业医学》2016年第1期15-19,25,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基  金:国家自然科学基金重点项目(81430078)

摘  要:目的分析中青年铝作业工人认知记忆功能的特征性改变情况。方法采用整群抽样方法,以358名从事铝电解作业1.0年以上的19.0~55.0岁作业工人为研究对象,采用简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、画钟试验(CDT)、数字广度测试[DST,包括正序测试(DSFT)与倒序测试(DSBT)]、词语流畅性测验(VFT)、物体记忆测验(FOME)和简单反应时(SRT)测试评价其认知记忆功能;采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定研究对象血铝水平作为内接触指标,根据其中位数(M)和第25、75百分位数(P25,P75)分为低、中和高铝接触组。结果研究对象血铝水平M(P25,P75)为135.47(87.42,202.24)μg/L。高铝接触组人群DST、DSFT和VFT得分分别低于低、中铝接触组[DST:16(13,19)vs 18(14,21)分,16(13,19)vs 18(15,20)分,P〈0.05;DSFT:10(8,12)vs 11(8,12)分,10(8,12)vs 11(9,12)分,P〈0.05;VFT:36(26,46)vs 40(30,50)分,36(26,46)vs 40(30,50)分,P〈0.05]。3组人群MMSE、CDT、DSBT、FOME得分和SRT分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示,血铝水平与VFT得分呈负相关(P〈0.05),随血铝水平的升高,VFT得分下降;MMSE、CDT、FOME得分和SRT与血铝水平均无关联(P〉0.05)。结论长期职业性铝接触可对中青年作业工人的记忆功能造成损害,主要发生在听觉注意力、听觉记忆广度和言语执行功能方面,并呈现一定的剂量-效应关系。Objective To analyze the characteristic changes of cognitive and memory function in young and middle-aged workers occupationally exposed to aluminum. Methods By cluster sampling method,358 workers aged 19. 0-55. 0 years and engaged in aluminum electrolytic work for more than 1. 0 year were selected as research objects. The cognitive and memory function were tested and evaluated by Mini-Mental State Examination( MMSE),Clock-drawing Test( CDT),Digit-span Test [DST,including Digit-span Forward Test( DSFT) and Digit-span Backward Test( DSBT) ],Verbal Fluency Test( VFT),Fuld Object Memory Evaluation( FOME) and Simple Reaction Time( SRT). Plasma aluminum was measured using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and used as internal exposure indicator. The research objects were divided into low-,medium- and high-dose aluminum exposure groups based on the median( M) and the 25 th and the 75 th percentile( P25,P75) of plasma aluminum level. Results The levels of plasma aluminum M( P25,P75) was135. 47( 87. 42,202. 24) μg / L. The DST,DSFT and VFT scores in the high-dose exposure group were lower than those of low- and medium-dose exposure aluminum groups [DST: 16( 13,19) vs 18( 14,21) scores,16( 13,19) vs 18( 15,20) scores,P〈0. 05; DSFT: 10( 8,12) vs 11( 8,12) scores,10( 8,12) vs 11( 9,12) scores,P〈0. 05; VFT: 36( 26,46) vs 40( 30,50) scores,36( 26,46) vs 40( 30,50) scores,P〈0. 05) ]. Comparison of MMSE,CDT,DSBT,FOME scores and SRT showed no significant difference among all groups( P〈0. 05). The multiple stepwise linear regression analysis results showed that plasma aluminum level was negatively correlated with VFT score( P〈0. 05). The VFT scores dropped with the increase of plasma aluminum level. The scores of MMSE,CDT,FOME and SRT showed no correlation with plasma aluminum level( P〈0. 05). Conclusion Long-term occupational aluminum exposure could induce the damage of cognitive and memory f

关 键 词:职业接触  中青年 工人 认知 记忆 

分 类 号:R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]

 

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